DISPERSION OF FRUITS AND SEEDS 69 
days or more; by this means vegetation must often have been 
carried from a continent to an outlying island. 
Abpeidases In some cases, appendages for dispersion are 
attached to attached to the seeds and not the fruits. Many 
Seeds. are furnished with hairs, One of the best known 
is the Willow-herb. The seed-vessel splits into four pieces, 
which twist back; the seeds are then exposed, and are seen 
_ to be provided with 
delicate hairs, so 
that the slightest 
wind wafts them 
hither and thither. 
The seed of the 
West Indian Cotton 
is plentifully pro: 
vided with fibres, 
from which cotton 
is made, the seed 
itself not being © 
visible when the Vic. 95.—SrED oF Bicnonta ALBA, WITH 
pod first bursts. WING FOR DISPERSION. 
Bignoma alba is an instance of a seed with a large wing. 
The pod contains hundreds of these seeds. 

DISPERSAL OF FRUITS AND SEEDS. 
Agent. Organ. Name of Plant. 
Feathery styles of fruit ... Clematis. 
Calyx forming a pappus at- Dan deter 
Wind tached to fruit 
‘** | Wings attached to fruit. Ash, Sycamore, Maple. 
Wing attached to seed ... Bagnonva alba. 
Hairs attached to seeds _—.... Cotton, Willow-herb. 
Seeds or fruits furnished with a 
Water ... { air-spaces acting as floats | Water-iles. 
‘ Hooks of fruit... ae Geum, 
Rose, Hawthorn, Privet, 
and many others. 
Explosive (This accompanies the de-\Violet, Cucumber, 
Action hiscence of certain fruits ... Vetches, ete. 
Animals Succulent coat of fruit 

