CLASSIFICATION 75 
An interesting illustration of this is the Clematis, included in 
the Order Ranunculacee. The typical number of sepals and 
petals in this Order is five. Clematis has four sepals and no 
petals ; it differs, too, from the rest of the Order in being a 
shrub, and in having compound, opposite leaves ; its androscium 
and gynecium, however, have the characters of the Order. 
In identifying plants, the terms “species” and “ genus” are 
used. Botanists are not agreed as to what exactly constitutes 
a species, but the ordinary use of the terms may be illustrated 
by comparing plants with members of a family. Each member 
of the family is distinguished from the rest by his or her 
name ; this answers to the specific name of the plant, whilst 
the surname of the family represents the generic name, A 
Dog-rose is named Losa canina, Rosa being the name of the 
genus, canina of the species. An Order may contain only one 
genus, or a large number of genera. In some Orders there 
are far more differences between the genera than in others. 
Thus in the Order Labiate-there is less difference between the 
genera than in the Order Rosacex. 
FLOWERING PLANTS, 




Gymnosperms . Angiosperms 
Monocotyledons Dicotyledons 
| | | | | | 
Nudifloree Petaloidee Polypetalee Gamopetale _— Apetalee : 
(without petals) (petals free) (petals joined) (without petals) 
Order : Orders : 
- Liliaceze* Ranunculaceee Compositze 
Cruciferee Primulacez 
Caryophyllacez Boraginaceze 
Leguminose  Scrophulariaceze 
Rosaceze Labiatee 
Umbelliferee 
* \n this table only those Orders described in this book are given. 
