New York AcricuntruraL EXPERIMENT STATION. 321 
Tt will be seen by the table and Diagram 1 that the amount of 
fertilizing matter in one ton of milk is a little less than in either 
one ton of wheat straw or potatoes, while by Diagram 2 and the 
table the market value of the fertilizing matter in milk is greater 
than that of either potatoes or wheat straw. This is due to the 
greater amount of nitrogen, the most costly of fertilizers, and of 
which potatoes contain less than either wheat straw or milk. 
Carrying this comparison further, and assuming 20 bushels of 
wheat or 100 bushels of potatoes to be the product of one acre, 
and that the yield of grain to straw is as 100 to 112.5, the net 
income (minus value of séed) from one acre of wheat becomes 
$18.38, while that of one acre of potatoes is $71.34. Deduct for 2 
bushels seed wheat $3, and for 24 bushels of potatoes $18, and the 
comparative net income becomes $15.38 and $53.34, respectively. 
Similar comparisons can and should be made with other articles. 
Tf these prices vary much from those of any particular locality, 
it will only be necessary to add to or subtract from the net income 
an amount equal to the variation, in order to adapt the method 
and settle on a comparatively profitable crop. 
The average market price, with two exceptions, wheat straw and 
milk, is the mean of market reports taken from the first issue of 
the Cultivator and Country Gentleman for each month of 1888. 
Wheat straw was only quoted a few times, and then at the price 
given, and the price of milk was fixed at 1 cent per pound or 2+ 
cents per quart. 
In the refined animal product, while the percentage of fertiliz- 
ing elements lost in a given weight sold is greater than in an equal 
weight of the field crops, yet this animal produce contains but a 
small percentage of the fertilizing value of the coarser crops from 
which it was derived. The greater part is left behind, while the 
ratio of net income has increased so much that the field crop can 
be paid for and used as animal food, leaving a handsome margin 
for profit, where the bulkier crop could not repay cost of handling 
in shipment to consumers. Such articles should be consumed as 
near the spot where produced as possible, because of the small 
margin above the fertilizing value received for them, and every 
farmer should study to change all the products of his farm and 
labor from the coarse, bulky forms, from which little can be real- 
ized on the market, to a fertilizing material and a more finished 
product, which yields a better return. 
Al 
