

TOWER, DARWINISM. 439 
animals and was paraded about the district by sundry small boys 
as their nether garments. The arrangements provided a test much 
like that used in the case of seeds, because the soft, well-pulverized 
ground provided a more favorable terrain for aestivation than was 
afforded by the normal, habitudinal complex. 
The statistical results derived from these tests showed uniformly 
identity of action, as illustrated by the results obtained with 
L. signaticollis in the region of Cuernavaca in the years 1905— 1909: 
with L. undecemlineata at San Marcos on the savannahs of lower 
Vera Cruz at the same period; with Z. diversa on the slopes of 
the Cerro Escamela near Orizaba between 1906 and 1909; and with 
L. decem-lineata not far from Dowagiac, Michigan between 1905 
and 1908. 
The tests with L. signaticollis involved three locations at Cuern- 
avaca where the censuses showed for the natural plots a total of 
19,679 entering into aestivation and a total of 2,194 emerging from 
aestivation. The censuses for the prepared plots showed a total of 
19,679 entering into aestivation and 14,405 emerging from aestivation. 
From other observations it was known that a small percentage 
died before entering aestivation, but the number of these could 
not be determined for the tests, as their remains usually disappeared 
before the tests were again visited in the spring. There is marked 
disparity between the surviving numbers from the two types of 
plots, and, under the conditions of the experiment, this could have 
been due only to the difference in chance favorable position for 
aestivation. | 
Precisely the same type of result came from the tests with 
L. undecemlineata at San Marcos, where, in the normal plot 22,514 
entered into aestivation and 3,374 emerged; and from the favorable 
plot, 22,514 entered into aestivation and 17,691 emerged. With L. 
diversa at Cerro Escamela, 12,427 entered into aestivation in the 
normal plots and 1,745 emerged; while in the prepared plots 12,427 
entered into aestivation and 10,167 emerged. In the tests with L. 
decem-lineata near Dowagiac, Michigan, 31,450 entered into hibernation 
in the natural plots and 3,096 emerged; while in the prepared plots 
