138 + A CYTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOME SPECIES 
40 chromosomes. This again will be elucidated by means of figures. 
Fig. 34 pictures an apparently quite normal nucleus of G. G. N. G. in 
diakinesis with 40 chromosomes. The gemini are very much shortened 
yet many of them still reveal their bivalent nature. At the right side 
of the picture we notice two rather small chromosome-pairs visible 
when focussing at a high level, which are clearly built up by two 
elements. In the drawing these parts seem to form a whole, under the 
microscope they are seen distinctly when focussing up and down, and 
it seems that there even is a small distance between the two. The same 
is the case with the light grey pair lying below the black geminus above 
the nucleolus. In the case of S. spontaneum it also happens occasio- 

Fig. 35. 
Fig. 35. Diakinesis of Green German New Guinea (irregular division) x 2300. 
nally that the chromosomes of a geminus are not entirely adpressed to 
one another; in the case of sugarcane this happens to a much greater 
degree. In the case of sugar cane it may even happen that part of the 
chromosomes, although arranged two by two, yet are not so united as 
to form gemini. 
Frequently the two chromosomes of a pair lie parallel to one another. 
Fig. 35 pictures a nucleus of G. G. N. G. showing this. Of 35 chromoso- 
mes the bivalent nature is pretty certain. Besides these 10, distinctly 
smaller, univalent chromosomes are present. To the right of the nucleo- 
lus two of these, appearing upon focussing at a high level, are lying al- 
