340 LINDSTROM, GENETICAL RESEARCH WITH MAIZE . 
greens to 7 whites are accounted for by the genotype W, w, W, ws. The 
same situation obtains for the virescent factor (V, v, Vs vs). 
The fact that more different genetic factors controlling the white and 
virescent-white seedling characters occur than the yellow seedling type 
may indicate that the more complex chemical nature of the green com- 
ponents of chlorophyll are more readily broken down (genetically) than 
the simpler chemical complex of the yellow pigments. 
In addition to the seedling characters noted above there are other 
recessive characters which produce various grades of pale or yello- 
wish-green color, as well as various types of striping. 
Certain other chlorophyll deficiencies do not develop until the maize 
plant is beyond the seedling stage, usually wel into maturity. All of 
these are simple recessives to the normal green color. 
Golden. — In the golden (gg) type the normal green color of the lea- 
ves, stalk and tassel gradually disappears or disintegrates leaving a 
distinct yellow pigment. Golden plants will mature and form reaso- 
nably good ears (Emerson 1912b and Lindstrom 1918). 
Japonica. — There are two general types of japonica striping. In one 
the leaves exhibit definite longitudinal stripes of green and white color. 
In the other the stripes are green and yellow. The two are differentia- 
ted by the (L/) factor pair. The genotype jjLL develops the green and 
white striping, while 77/1 forms the green and yellow stripes. In either 
case the border line between the two colors is ordinarily sharp and de- 
finite. (See plates IV and V, Lindstrom 1918). 
Crosses of golden x japonica give F, plants that are normal green. 
In F, there results 9 green: 3 golden: 3 japonica: 1 golden-japonica. 
The double recessive is viable and breeds true. 
Green-striped. — This recessive type (gs) is characterized by narrow, . 
definite, and alternate stripes of dark and light green thruout the lea- 
ves (Plate III., Lindstrom 1918). When crossed with either golden or 
japonica the F, plants are normal green. The F, of green striped X gol- 
den gives 9 green: 3 golden: 3 greenstriped: 1 golden-green striped. The 
double recessive although weak will mature and produce ears. An F, of 
japonica X green-striped results in 9 green: 3 japonica: 8 green-striped: 
| japonica-green-striped. 
Yellow-striped. — The striping pattern is indentical with that of 
green-striped. The alternate stripes however are green and yellow. 
Crosses of green-striped X yellow-striped produce F, plants that are 
