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SUMMARY 379 
To prove further the connection between ectopia of the pupil and 
other congenital anomalies of the eye, a case is described of strong 
downward ectopia of the pupil on one eye and slight downward ec 
topia with coloboma of the iris on the other eye. 
In all cases of ectopia of the lens the latter seemed to be smaller 
and more bulging than the normal lens (microphakia); and sho- 
wed small opacities. It was transparant but more opalescent than 
the normal lens in one case of hereditary corectopia, two cases of 
uncomplicated ectopia of the lens and one case of ectopia lentis et 
pupillae. 
. Slight coloboma of the lens was found in one eye with hereditary 
corectopia and in one eye with incomplicated ectopia of the lens. 
In the author’s cases there was no connection between coloboma of 
the lens and abscence of fibres of the zonula Zinnii or between 
normal lens and presence of these fibres. 
. The author reviews the theories explaining the bestknown conge- 
nital anomalies of the eye (f. 1. aniridia, coloboma of iris and lens, 
ectopia of pupil and lens). Whereas of late the original mesodermal 
theory for explaining the first group has been substituted by the ecto- 
dermal theory, Hess’ theory that abnormal embryonic mesoderm 
impedes the normal process of growth is still accepted by the majo- 
rity of investigators for the explanation of the ectopias. A contribu- 
tion is given in favour of Hess’ theory by the authors case of ecto- 
pia of the pupil and lens, where really mesodermic membranous 
fibres along the pupillar border could be clinically demonstrated. 
The special importance of the mesoderm has been proved by the 
_ pigmented rests of the membrana capsularis and capsulopupillaris 
in this case and in a case of uncomplicated corectopia and by the 
presence of hyperplastic mesoderm in many eyes with congenital 
anomalies, seen by the author. 
The formal genesis of uncomplicated ectopia of the lens has not 
yet been elucidated. A curious case is described with periferical 
synechiae between cornea and iris. 
. In litterature we meet with the following contradictory facts: a. cli- 
nical experience on pedigrees shows a different behaviour as to do- 
minance and recession of apparently the same character; b. anato- 
mical investigation of eyes with congenital anomalies showed that 
sometimes the primar irregularity was found in the ectoderm, so- 
