THE PUHIPUHI KAURI FOREST. 63 
As mentioned above, the stocking according to Mr. Mander could 
not be considered regular, and there was much young timber. Never- 
theless, when all is said, in taking the average at one-quarter the maxi- 
mum it is taken undoubtedly very low. 
Puhipuhi Timber ‘Stand’? and Huropean compared. — This 
10,000 c. ft. q.g., is, in fact, what I have assumed as the stand of the 
normal cultivated forest of the future in New Zealand. It com- 
pares thus with European data. I have elsewhere pointed out 
that Kauri in New Zealand has an average growth about one- 
third faster than first-class Oak in mid-Europe. Turning to Schlich’s 
Yield Tables (vol. 3, p. 344) I find that first-qualhty Oak forest at 
200 years of age (computing $nwards from Schlich’s last figures) 
will have a stand: of about 8,834 c. ft. q.g. This figure affords a useful 
check, since the age of Mr. Crompton Smith’s average tree at Mr. Cheese- 
man’s growth-figure, as will be seen presently (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 46, 
p. 14), would be about 230 years. But Oak forest as it ages thins out 
rapidly, and that reduces its volume of standing timber per acre. If | 
make the comparison with mid-European first-quality Spruce, which in 
rate of growth and form much resembles Kauri in the “‘ ricker”’ stage, I 
find that at age 120 there is a stand not far off double that of first- 
quality Oak. All of which goes to prove that 10,000 c. ft. here taken 
as the Puhipuhi stand of timber in the virgin forest is a very moderate 
estimate, It probably errs on the lower side. 
Total Timber, Puhipuhit.—t10,000 c. ft. q.g. x 5,667 acres = say, 57 
million c, ft. q.g., the original Kauri timber stand of the Puhipuhi 
Forest. At one-fourth loss in sawing this represents 513 million sup. ft. 
This may be compared with the 60 million sup. ft. (as above, p. 60) 
actually sawn and accounted for. 
Timber-growth Figure (Acrim)* of 219 c. ft.—Il examined a number 
of Kauri stumps at Puhipuhi. Many showed ‘‘ dominated heart ’’ for 
2in. or 3in., with rings not broader than ,;in.: thence up to 2 ft. 
radius the rings would run from }in, to in. broad, which, of course, 
show quite a rapid growth. 
It will be objected that the observers of thirty years ago may have 
exaggerated or faded recollections. To this there is the answer that many 
observers have given me their recollections and that they agree in the 
main, I have taken Mr. Crompton Smith’s recollection here because, as 
a Government surveyor accustomed to the ‘‘ bush ’’ country and to deal- 
ing with quantities and magnitudes, his figures are least liable to error. 
But there is a quite independent check on his figures in Mr. Cheeseman’s 
investigations on the growth of Kauri. As above, Mr. Crompton Smith’s 
average tree is 4 ft. diameter at the base and 60 ft. in the bole, A 4-ft.- 
diameter tree, according to Mr. Cheeseman (Trans N.Z. Inst., vol. 46, 
1913, p. 14), would be 24in, radius x 9°7 years = 232°8 (say, 233) years 
old. Dividing ‘‘ stand’’ by age one arrives at the acrim (average pro- 
duction of timber per acre per vear). Therefore, as above— 
“Stand ”’ 40,770 c. ft. q.g. ‘ a, 
Age 233 = Acrim 175 c¢. ft. q.g. 

or 219 ¢. ft. full eubage acrim. 
_ ** Acrim” is a term used by South African foresters to mean the annual increment 
in cubic feet of one acre of growing timber. (C.E,L,P., in ‘* Australian Forestry.”) 
Tt is more fully explained at p. 91. . 
