- 
74 OUTLINE OF GENERAL ‘‘ WORKING-PLAN. 
a tree. Kauri in the same time will grow about 2 ft. in diameter and 
50 ft. to 60 ft. in bole, reckoning bole down to about 1 ft. in diameter, 
This is, as we know, the trees in good wild forest. In the cultivated forest 
the stems would be more numerous, perhaps taller, but probably of less 
diameter. At the same time the total sectional area of the stems would 
be more in the cultivated forest. 
Cusic Contents oF THE Kavuri TREE OF THE Future. 
As mentioned, the noble old Kauri tree centuries old is not the 
economic tree, so valuable in the cultivated forest. It is curious what 
a quantity of picturesque writing on New Zealand forestry is founded 
; d ‘ cr ala ” 
on this quite erroneous assumption. (See p. 8 of * Inaugur al Address 
of the New Zealand Forest League.) 
In mid-European forestry Spruce gives usually the best returns, and 
its rate of growth in the best quality of forest resembles that of the 
standard timbers in New Zealand—Kauri, Totara, and Rimu. In first- 
quality European Spruce forest at the age of 80 years (when the 
timber acrim is at the highest—viz., 200 c. ft.) the average tree is 
1 ft. in diameter and 93 ft. total height. In Spruce forest of average 
quality (when the timber acrim is barely past the maximum—viz., 
140 c. ft.), at 100 years of age the average tree is 10in. diameter 
and 79 ft. high (Schlich’s Yield Tables). This is an indication only 
of what should be the economical size of the Kauri tree of the future, 
for Kauri must be grown larger in order to get a fair proportion of 
heartwood. 
A Kauri tree 2 ft, diameter under bark at base (or, to speak quite 
accurately, above the base bulge, which is very small or sometimes quite 
absent in Kauri) and 60ft. of bole, if one allows 5in. of diameter 
for taper to the centre of the trunk, would cube 118 c. ft. This is the 
true volume. Taking what is approximately the cubic content of the 
squared lov by the English log rule of ‘‘ the square of the mean quarter- 
girth *’ (Hoppus), the Kawri tree of the future will have a cubie content 
of 93 c. ft. quarter-girth. Allowing 25 per cent. for waste in sawing, 
93 c. ft. q.g. would represent 837 sup. ft. of sawn timber. If, however, 
one took the ‘ two-thirds-diameter squared ’’ log rule which is used in 
nine States of the United States of America, the superficial feet would 
work out to 8014 sup, ft., or 890 board feet, taking Professor Somer- 
ville’s general factor for the chief American log rules. As will be seen 
later, I take rather more height and less taper than the average Kauri, 
as the “‘ Kauri tree of the future ’’ will be a tree grown in close forest; 
aie assign it a cubic content of about 100 c. ft. quarter-girth measure- 
ment, 
A good illustration of the Kauri tree of the future will be found at 
page 61 of Laing’s *‘ Plants of New Zealand.’’ 
Mr, Phillips Turner estimates the average Kauri tree of to-day as 
one that will yield 5,000 sup. ft. of sawn timber. Taking 10 sup. ft. 
= I cubic foot (p. 77) that would give to the average Kauri tree now in 
the forests a volume of 300 cubic feet, or three times the size of the 
economic tree of the future unless it be found expedient to grow the 
latter rather larger. 
LOG-MEASUREMENTS : EXPLANATION. 
Quarter-girth.—lt is not easy to follow the figures below without some 
explanation of what is understood by the various log-measurements 
referred to. The miller uses the term “superficial feet’’ or ‘* board 
