14 
Table 3. Relation® between number of potential breeding 
species, number of occupied super cells, and number of 
wildlife guilds in seven habitat types. 

No. No. 
potential occupied — No. 
breeding super — wildlife 

Community type species cells guilds 
Upland grassland 77 9 6 
Riparian grassland 81 24 2 
Upland shrubland 86 19 1] 
Riparian shrubland 99 38 32 
Upland coniferous woodland 
(ponderosa pine) 124 44 4 
Upland deciduous woodland 
(aspen) 100 4] 39 
Riparian woodland 152 68 73 

aNumber of guilds (Y) = 1.13 (number of super cells) — 6.24, 
r = 0.99; number of guilds (Y) = 0.78 (number of breeding 
species) — 47.43, r = 0.94; number of super cells (Y) = 0.69 
(number of breeding species) — 35.87, r = 0.95. 
Area described by 
X - Y coordinate data 
from Fig. 8 

Fig. 12. The ellipse plots correspond to those on Fig. 8 which represent the d 
and feed on the terrestrial surface, shrub, tree bole, and tree canopy strat 
wildlife species acting as primary consumers and 
identified by letter in Figs. 11 and 13 also occupy unique 
combinations of cells within the species-habitat matrix. 
The seven species comprising Guild M are generalists 
breeding and feeding in a variety of strata. Guild N 
represents the ubiquitous starling that occupies a unique 
combination of strata for foraging and breeding habitat 
and Guild I is composed of the hairy woodpecker which 
breeds in the tree bole and feeds in the tree canopy. 
The position of the Steller’s jay in the dendrogram of 
Fig. 11 is represented by two arrows. The structure of the 
primary consumer guild occupied by the Steller’s jay has 
been described above. The Steller’s jay also may act as a 
secondary consumer and in this capacity shares a guild 
with the gray jay, pinyon jay, Clark’s nutcracker, cedar 
waxwing, evening grosbeak, Cassin’s finch, pine siskin, 
and red crossbill. The nine birds all consume insects and 
most (except the evening grosbeak and red crossbill) do 
some foraging for insects on the ground surface. Except for 
the pinyon jay, all may also forage for insects in the tree 
canopy (Table 4). Some variability occurs in food habits, 
Guilds formed from 
X - Y coordinate data 


Guild R Mourning dove (92) 



fuild's Gray jay (131) 
Steller's jay (132) 
Pinyon jay (136) 
Clark's nutcracker (137) 
Cedar waxwing (161) 
Western tanager (184) 
Cassin's finch (189) 
Pine siskin (194) 
Guild T 


Ruby-crowned kinglet (159) 
Evening grosbeak (188) 
Red crossbill (196) 
Guild U Western wood pewee (123) 
sets into the four guilds which are identified by the bracket in Fig. 11, 
ata for primary consumers that breed in the tree canopy 
a. The cluster analysis routine disaggregates these 13 data 
