27 
040 Boulder (>305 mm) 
041 Rubble (152-305 mm) 
042 Cobble (64-152 mm) 
043 Gravel (2-64 mm) 
044 Sand (0.063-2 mm) 
045 Mud (<0.063 mm) or organic matter (detritus or sapropel) 
046 Submerged algae or moss 
047 Submerged roote. vascular plants 
Water column (water >25 cm below the surface) 
048 Water shallow (<2 m) 
049 Water deep (>2 m) 
Surface of water column (includes substrates and vegetative cover at shoreline or under shallow water [<25 cm 
deep], open water [<25 cm deep], and types of vegetation extending up to or through surface waters) 
050 Artificial (man-made) structures 
051 Bedrock (solid rock mass) 
052 Boulder (> 305 mm) 
053 Rubble (152-305 mm) 
054 Cobble (64-152 mm) 
055 Gravel (2-64 mm) 
056 Sand (0.063-2 mm) 
057 Mud (<0.063 mm) or organic matter (detritus or sapropel) 
058 Aquatic bed—algae, moss, or lichen 
059 Rooted herbaceous vegetation 
060 Rooted woody vegetation 
061 Open water 
062 Floating filamentous algae (non-rooted and rooted) 
063 Floating non-woody vascular plants (non-rooted) 
064 Floating non-woody vascular plants (rooted) 
065 Floating woody vascular plants (non-rooted) 
066 Floating woody vascular plants (rooted) 
067 Emergent non-woody vascular plants 
068 Emergent woody vascular plants 
2.0 Non-tidal (riverine, palustrine, lacustrine systems) 
2.1 Temporary waters (water usually present only at periodic intervals throughout the year) 
069 Temporary wet areas (rain pools and ponds produced by irregular flooding, artificial 
catchments, and stock ponds temporarily filled with run-off, irrigation ditches and 
stream beds with seasonal flows only). 
2.2 Permanent waters (water usually present throughout the year) 
2.21 Species breeds in coldwater environments. Water temperature at time of breeding may typically be less 
than 15°C and surrounding climate is characterized with a growing season of 120-170 days with a mean 
July air temperature < 15°C, or a growing season < 120 days with a mean July air temperature <21°C.4 
Bottom of water column (includes substrates under water columns > 25 cm deep). 
070 Bedrock (solid rock mass) 
071 Boulder (>305 mm) 
O72 Rubble (152-305 mm) 
073 Cobble (64-152 mm) 
074 Gravel (2-64 mm) 
075 Sand (0.063-2 mm) 
O76 Mud (<0,.063 mm) or organic matter (detritus or sapropel) 
O77 Submerged algae or moss 
078 Submerged rooted vascular plants 
“Definition of coldwater, coolwater, and warmwater environments from McConnell, W. J., E. P. Bergersen, and K. L. Williamson 
(unpublished data). 
