34 THE GROWTH AND PARTS OF PLANTS 
But look at the tip of the twigs, and on the 
sides, just above where the leaves were! What 
do the buds mean? Do they have life ? 
How the buds look inside. On the shoot 
of the horse-chestnut see the overlapping 
“scales” on the bud. Take a pin and re- 
move them one after another. | 
Observe how they are seated im 
the bud. On this side is one, and 
on the opposite side is another. 
How are the next two seated? 
And the next? They are not very 
easy to remove, and our hands are 
“stuck up” if we handle them. 
This sticky substance helps to hold 
the scales close together and keeps 
out water. 

When the brown scales are re- 
FIG. 60. ; . 
Shoot of horse- Moved, see the thin chaff-like ones ! 
chestnut. 
Then come scales covered with long 
woolly hairs. These scales are green in 
color, and in shape are like miniature leaves ! 
They are alive even in autumn or winter! 
How are they kept from being killed? The 
long woolly hairs are folded round them like 
a scarf, and all are packed so tightly and Fie. 61. 
snugly under the close-fitting brown scales oo 

