STRUGGLES FOR ‘TERRITORY 2AT 
Struggles of plants on border territory. ‘The different 
territories which are congenial to different plants border 
on one another. Sometimes the border is very abrupt, 
so that there 
is no struggle 
on the part of 
the plants im 
one territory 
to cross over 
into the other. 
But in a great 
many cases 
the change 
from one ter- 
ritory to an- 

other is grad- 
ual. In these Fic. 299. Grass and mayweeds competing for space in 
lowland meadow. 
cases the bor- 
der line becomes the seat of a fierce struggle for oceu- 
pation between the plants of the two adjoiming areas. 
These struggles are very commonly seen along the 
borders of lakes, ponds, or streams, where the ground 
slopes gradually down to the water edge and out into 
deep water. So, also, on the borders of marshes or 
where there is a gradual difference in elevation from 
a moist soil up to one which 1s drier. Here we often 
see various kinds of plants drawn up in battle array 
