CULTURAL NOTES 
When lilies are healthy and find a place in the garden that they 
like, they thrive. 
Most lilies like partial shade at some point during the day. A very 
few of them actually prefer full sun and an even smaller number like 
heavy shade. These are noted in the text. Almost all like a ground 
cover of some sort that will shade the ground in which they are grow- 
ing but will leave the stems free to rise up into the sun. 
Good locations are various. The perennial border offers excellent 
growing conditions for most species. Lilies are happy when interplant- 
ed with peonies, iris and other plants. Almost all of them are effective 
and do exceptionally well when planted in isolated groups against the 
shrubbery. The taller ones are happy and effective within light shrub- 
bery. A rather large group lend themselves to naturalization and the 
woodland garden. 
A good friable loam with plenty of humus is the best soil. Do not 
be afraid to feed. Bonemeal, well rotted manure or compost can be 
worked into the beds. A mulch of manure and commercial fertilizer 
is excellent if applied in fall so that the food will work down into the 
ground during the winter. Manure can also be applied as a summer 
mulch if desired and is best if used either at or after the time of flow- 
ering. Manure should not be used on those varieties of lilies labeled 
capricious or those h‘ghly subject to basal rect. 
The majority of species are best if fall planted, so we strongly 
urge purchasing at that time. Bulbs are lifted and shipped as soon as 
they are ready. Some mature early in August, others not till mid-No- 
vember. If the bulbs are going to arrive late in the season and there 
is danger that the ground might be frozen at the time, it is recom- 
mended that it be mulched with leaves, straw or boughs to keep it 
open. It will not do the slightest harm if the ground freezes the day 
after the bulbs are planted. 
Good drainage is essential. Do not attempt to plant lilies where | 
they must stand in water for any length of time as this will be con- 
ducive to rot. 
There are certain problems connected with the growing of all 
garden plants and lilies naturally have their share. The following 
discuss ey deals with these and with the means by which they can be 
controlied. 
SPRING FROSTS 
Occasionally late spring frosts raise havoc, especially when they 
follow an early warm good growing period. Those lilies that tend to 
start into growth very early as do L. regale, L. Hansonii; and the 
Martagon-Hansonii hybrids are naturally most liable to injury. On 
this account we recommend a good winter mulch over these lilies in 
areas liable to late frosts. The mulch tends to keep the bulbs dormant 
in spring so that when they emerge and the buds show, danger of 
frost injury is pretty well past. If manure, peat moss, leaves, straw 
or pine needles are used this material may be left on through the 
summer, thus working into the soil and adding humus content. If 
boughs or similar material is used it should be left on as late as pos- 
sible. Lilies planted through perennials or light shrubbery are fairly 
well protected by the foliage of these surrounding plants. 
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