DDT [1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chloropheny1) ethane ] 
DDD (TDE, Rhothane) [1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (chloropheny1) ethane ] 
Dicofol _ [1,1-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol] (Kelthane) 
\ \ 242,» 
From mammals fed to exposed to DDT (236, 319, 636, 945, 1242, 1342, 
1367, 1494, 1662) DDE, DDA and dichlorobenzophenone have been isolated and 
identified. Using DDT-C!*, DDE has been found in both bile and feces (207, 
735). DDA, both complexed and free, has been found. Stability to alkaline 
hydrolysis and negative qualitative tests indicated that the complex was 
not a glucuronide but did suggest an amide linkage such as in hippuric acid. 
Studies with beef cattle suggested that DDT was dechlorinated to DDD 
in the rumen. Beef steers stored DDT, DDD and DDE when DDT was administered 
orally. The ration of stored DDD and DDT was much lower in steers that 
received DDT intraperitoneally and intravenously (950). Perfused bovine 
livers converted DDT to DDD and DDE (1705). 
A pathway for the metabolism of DDT in rats (337, 455, 801, 1156) 
and yeast (753) has been proposed on the basis of studies with DDT and 
related compounds. These studies indicated DDD as an intermediate. A 
phenolic compound was also implicated (1036). Studies suggested that the 
major fecal products in rats consisted of DDA conjugated with cholanic 
acid or amino acids (735). After administration of p,p'-DDT in oil and 
p,p'-DDA in water to rats via stomach tube, a conjugate of p,p'-DDA was 
isolated from feces and urine. This conjugate contained one molecule each 
of serine and aspartic acid together with 8 molecules of water of hydration 
per molecule p,p’-DDA. The presence of four other metabolites was also 
indicated, possibly identical with (1) p,p‘-dichlorobenzhydrol; (2) 
p,p’-dichlorodiphenylmethane; (2) p,p'-dichlorobenzophenone; (4) DDE 
(1161, 1162). DDA was found in tissues of rats and rabbits after intra- 
peritoneal, oral and intravenous administration of DDT (747). Other 
studies have shown that rat livers degrade DDT to DDD and DDE (1445, 1662). 
When fed DDT, monkeys did not store easily detectable DDE, in 
contrast to the situation in man and the rat. However, when DDE was fed, 
the monkey accumulated DDE. Since all three species excreted some DDA, 
it must be assumed that DDA can be produced without DDE as an intermediate 
metabolite (389). Recent studies have also shown that, when o,p'-DDT was 
fed to rats, a biological isomeric transformation of o,p'-DDT to p,p'-DDT 
occurred (800, 801). 
The metabolism of DDT by the common grackle, Quiscalus quiscala, 
showed that orally ingested DDT was slowly absorbed from the gut and 
rapidly metabolized. Unabsorbed DDT was eliminated rapidly. In addition 
to DDT, both DDD and DDE were found in tissue extracts and the feces. [In 
vitro studies, using liver cultures free from bacterial contamination, also 
showed metabolism of DDT to DDD and DDE (1463, 1464). 
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