
32 FLOWERING PLANTS 
Yellow Rattle, Figwort, Meadowsweet, Marsh Marigolds, 
Water Violet, Bog Pimpernel, Marsh Valerian, Common 
Mallow. It depends to a certain extent on the nature of the 
marsh—for instance, whether it is a salt marsh or not—what 
the vegetation will be; thus Wild Celery, Slender Hare’s ear, 
Sea Starwort, all belong to salt marshes. 
 Hedgerow ‘Lhe vegetation of hedgerows affords an instance 
Vegetation. of the influence of man on the flora of a locality. 
The shrub of which the hedge consists was originally planted 
there, and is generally kept trimmed, so that the conditions 
are not natural. In many parts of the country the shrub 
chosen is hawthorn, but it may be blackthorn, ash, holly, yew, 
and even elm. Where the hedges are carefully looked after, 
as near towns, there is very little undergrowth ; but in country 
lanes the plants clothing the banks beneath the hedge are very 
numerous. As a rule, it will be found that the undergrowth 
differs considerably on the two sides of the lane, owing to the 
difference in the angle at which the light falls on the bank ; 
‘on one side the plants will be protected by the hedge from the 
morning and midday sun, whilst the opposite side will be fully 
exposed to it. The following plants were found on the shady 
side of a country road on the Cotswolds in the third week of 
June: Germander Speedwell, Herb Robert, Hedge Garlick, 
Black Bryony, Red Campion, Buttercup (anunculus acris), Bed- 
straw, Stinging Nettle, Dog-rose ; whilst on the opposite side 
it was only possible to find Mouse-ear Hawkweed, Thyme, a 
species of Geranium, and Common Bird’s-foot Trefoil. This 
side was much drier and exposed to the sun. 
Observations were made in another lane, a very sheltered 
one, not far from the one just mentioned, but lower down. 
Large trees almost met overhead, above the hedges, so that 
both sides of the lane were in shadow even at midday. Here 
the undergrowth was much greater, and there was little 
difference between the. two sides of the road. The plants 
here were the following: Very fine Meadow Buttercup, Hog- 
weed, Germander Speedwell, Hedge Parsley, Cleavers, Chick- 
weed (Cerastium vulgatum), Geum, Red Campion, Cinquefoil, 
aes 

