130 FLOWERING PLANTS 
In some of the Labiate the stamens develop first. This 
may be observed in the Wood-sage (Z'ewcriwm). When the 
flower first opens the stigma is behind 
the two stamens, which project beyond 
the posterior part of the flower (there 
is no upper lip); then the stamens 
- turn backwards, bending down, and 
the stigma now occupies the place 
| - where the stamens formerly were, and 
Fic. 118.—Mxptiw Ver. i8 thus cross-pollinated. 
TIcAL Section OF — §elf-heal (Prunella vulgaris) has two 
GIPSY-WORT. 
forms of flower, one large, with both 
stamens and stigmas, the other small, with only pistillate 
flowers. Both forms are cross-pollinated, and some botanists 

think that the large flowers do pollinate themselves in the 
absence of insect visits. 
TABLE OF COMPARISON. 
3 Boraginacece. Solanacce. — Scrophulariacee. Labuate. 
A ae: Cymose with Racemose, or Cymose, 
Inflorescence} branched displace- Cymose, or forming 
cyme _ ment of mixed ~ verticill- 
bracts asters 
Corolla .. Regular Regular Irregular Irregular 
‘ (5 usually, in : 
some : 
Stamens .. 5 genera 5, 4, or even 2, 4, or 2 
syngene- 
sious 
Style : Style ter- Style ter- Style gyno- 
; gynobasic;} minal; Car- minal ; basic, 
Gynecun | 4-celled pels in ob- 2-celled 4-celled 
ovary lique plane ovary ovary 
oe fA berry, or 
Fruit .. 4achenes capsule A capsule 4 achenes 
-AMENTACEZ, OR CATKIN-BEARING FAMILY. | 
The plants of this family are shrubs or trees ; they all have 
woody stems and form bark. The two most common kinds 
of bark are: 1. Scale bark, which becomes detached from the 
tree in thin plates, as in the Almond and Willow ; 2. Ringed 
or Fissured bark, which is generally ruptured longitudinally 
and somewhat irregularly, giving the appearance of grooves 

