

ee FLOWERING PLANTS 
inner alternate with them. The ovules are borne on axile 
placentze. : 
The fruit is a capsule, dehiscing along the midrib. 
As the honey is deeply seated, only insects 
with long probosces can reach the honey at the 
bottom, and they can only reach it by the narrow passages 
between the base of the stigmatic lobes and the outer perianth 
leaves. When creeping in, to push their probosces into these 
passages, the back of the insect touches the stigma (Fig. 135, s), 
depositing on it the pollen brought from another flower. As 
the anthers lie under the sees ‘self-pollination is impossible. 
chief 1. Lris. 
Genera. 9 (); ocus. —For structure of corm, see ‘‘Ele- 
mentary Botany,” p. 21. The stigmas are fringed, but not 
petal-like, as in the Iris. 
3. Gladiolus.—The inflorescence is a one-sided spike. The 
- perianth is Hk and its leaves almost form two lips. The 
stigmas are 2, not 3. 
This Order may be compared with two other Monocoty- 
ledonous Orders, Liliaceze and Amaryllidaceew (Snowdrop). It 
differs from Liliacew in the inferior ovary, and from both 
_Liliaceze and Amaryllidacez in the suppression of the inner 
whorl of stamens. 
; Pollination. 
LILIACEZ. 
This Order has been so fully discussed in the ‘‘ Elementary 
Botany ” that here only a few notes on its ecology are given. 
The Liliaceze are most abundant in warm climates, such as | 
the Mediterranean, the Steppes of Asia, and South Africa. 
The British genera are for the most part bulbous plants ; 
many of the tropical species have woody stems. 3 
Among the British genera, Herb Paris, Solomon’s Seal, 
Lily of the Valley, Butcher’s Broom, Bluebell, belong to 
woods ; some few are sea plants, such as the Spring Squill 
(Scalla sana which is found on the cliffs of South Cornwall, 
and Sand Leek; whilst the Bog and Scottish Asphodel are 
hydrophytic in habit. 
