FOREST AND STREAM. 243 
the neck of the camel, and the tail of the ass; by another MIGRATIONS OF SQUIRRELS. Of course on our arrival home the story was told. The 
writer, apparently with less reason, it is reported to mean 
“like. uone of the four,” that is, the deer, the cow, the 
goat, and the horse. The color is a reddish brown, with a 
blackish stripe down the withers, and with the tail, which 
is unusually ‘‘full,” also blackish. The fawn is spotted 
like those of other species. 
The latest information respecting the species has been 
given by Dr. P. L. Sclater, the Secretary of the Zoological 
Society of London, in an article on the deer living in the 
gardens of that Society, and is as follows:— 
This fine animal is one of the many of the zoological 
discoveries which are due to researches of M. C. Pére Ar- 
mand David, missionary of the congregation of Lazarists 
at Pekin, an active correspondent of the Museum of Na- 
tional History of the Jardin des Plantes, etc. M. David 
first made known the existence of this deer in 1865 ina 
letter addressed to Professor Milne-Edwards, having be- 
come acquainted with it by looking over the wall of the 
imperial hunting park, in which it is keptin a semi-domestic 
state. This park is situated about two miles south of Pe- 
kin, and is called the Nan-hai-tsze, or ‘‘southern marsh.”’+ 
No European is allowed to enter it. It is stated to contain 
deer of different species, and herds of Antilope gutturosa, 
besides the Elaphures. M. David saw from the wail more 
than a hundred of the last-named animal, which he de- 
scribed as resembling a “Jong tailed reindeer with very 
large horns.” At that time he was unable, in spite of every 
effort, to get specimens of it, but being acquainted with 
some of the Tartar soldiers, who mounted guard in the 
park, subsequentiy succeeded in obtaining the examples 
upon which M. Alphonse Milne-Edwards founded his de- 
scription of this remarkable animal. 
Shortly after this M. Henri de Bellonet, Chargé d’Af- 
faires of the French Legation at Pekin, managed to pro- 
cure a living pair of Elaphures from the Imperial Park and 
kept them for nearly two years in a court near the embassy 
in that city. Upon his return to Paris, in the summer of 
1867, M. de Bellonet, having heard of our applications to 
our correspondents at Pekin to obtain living examples of 
this animal, was kind enough to place this pair at the dis- 
posal of the Society upon our undertaking the expense of 
their removal to this country. This the Council willingly 
agreed to, and application was at once made to H. E. Sir 
Rutherford Alcock and our other correspondents at Pekin 
to make arrangements for their transportation. Unfortu- 
nately, however, these animals died before this could be 
effected; but the skin and skeleton of the male were care- 
fully preserved under Sir Rutherford Alcock’s direction 
and forwarded to the Society, along with two pairs of the 
shed horns of the same animal. They were exhibited at 































ea a 
Eprror Forest anp Strram:— 
Among the first to visit on my trip West were the B.’s, 
located at that beautiful and then rising city, Beaver Dam, 
Wisconsin. Samuel, one of the boys with whom I had 
been initiated in many a college scrape in earlier years, 
possessed in a high degree, even then, not only a keenness 
for fun and practical jokes, but a courage, perseverance, 
and sagacity in carrying them out, that has enabled’ him no 
doubt in a great measure to reach that success he has 
since achieved. 
Here was where I first owned a bear. On my arrival, 
both the boys, Sam and Charley, were absent on a tramp 
north, “‘land looking.” But on a previous trip they had 
brought home a cub bear, about four months old, and one 
of the blackest and cunningest little rascals I ever saw. He 
was chained to a post inthe yard, was as playful as a kitten 
and supposed to be perfectly harmless. Mrs. B., whose es- 
pecial pet he was, as she could apparently do anything she 
chose with him, always fed him, patted and 
played with him, came home from church the Sunday fol- 
lowing my arrival, and taking a piece of cake in her hand, 
proceeded to feed little Bruin. The villain sat up, as was 
his custom, and very solemnly ate it from her hand, then, 
either on account of the kid glove, which she had not re- 
moved, or from one of those diabolical impulses that hu 
man kind are said to take on at times, very deliberately bit 
the hand of his benefactress through and through, his teeth 
cutting from palm to back. Well, you may well presume 
there was ascene. Mr. B.,a man of few words, but tre- 
mendous and determined in action, was decidedly wrathy. 
He rushed toward me, saying: ‘‘Here, young man, remove 
that animal instantly. Away with him! Let it be your 
capital, your stock in trade, anything; off with him!” In 
vain I pleaded to let him remain until the following day, 
when I might sell him to advantage. No, I must away 
with him at once, and putting the chain in my hand he fairly 
drove me out of the yard. And that on a Sunday! Just 
think of it. Here was a nice scrape to be in. Two 
churches were just out, and pouring their congregations 
into the street, and I, a perfect stranger, toting along a 
cub bear. If ever I felt profoundly streaked, it was then. 
What in thunder to do I didn’t know. Had I had my wits 
about meI might have hurried toa barn or livery stable and 
had him housed for the night at least. But the whole mat- 
ter came so suddenly that I was more than considerably 
confused. Whata figure I did cut, lugging along that 
bear! Everbody must have seen how cheap I was; the bear 
was cheap any way, for on arriving at the corner of the 
business streét, I was surrounded by a crowd of boys, 
among whom towered in ample proportions the proprietor 
of a Teutonic restaurant. To this gentleman, for the amount 

our meeting on November 12th, 1868, after which the skin 
was deposited in the British Museum and the skeleton and 
horns in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons. 
Meanwhile Sir Rutherford Alcock lost no time in making 
application to the Chinese authorities for other specimens, 
and after interviews with Prince Kung and other high offi- 
cials ultimately succeeded in procuring several young pairs, 
one of which reached the Society’s gardens in perfect 
health and condition on the 2d of August last, [1869]. 
The general aspect of the Elaphure is much more like 
that of the true cer? than I had anticipated from the de- 
scription and figure of M. Milne-Edwards. The only two 
very noticeable points of distinction besides the horns of 
the male, which are not at present shown in our animals, 
are the rather larger, heavier legs, the longer and more ex- 
panding toes, and the long tail. : 
The latter character, however, seems to me to have been 
somewhat exaggerated in M. Milne-Edward’s figures, the 
tailin our specimen not nearly reaching the hocks, and 
though of somewhat different form, being really little, if 
any, longer than that of the fallow deer and some of the 
American deer, such as Cervus Virginianus. 
The muffle of Hlaphurus, as M. Milne-Edwards has al- 
ready stated, is quite naked and moist as in the true cervi. 
The lachrymal sinus is small, and the eye also remark- 
ably small. The muzzle is terminated by a good many sin- 
gle straggling bristles, as in C. Duvancelli. 
The insides of the ears in this deer are very closely filled 
with dense hairs. Hf 
I cannot ascertain positively whether the usual gland on 
the outer side of the metatarsus is present or not in this 
deer, but it is certainly not very highly developed. 
On the whole, I cannot consent to take this species out 
of the genus cerviis, as I think it ought to be understood. 
The Elaphure is no doubt very distinct in the form of its 
horns from every other described species of the genus, and 
should be placed in a section by itself, just as Rusa, Aais, 
Hyelaphus, and the ‘numerous other (so-called) ’genera of 
some authors. Those who regard these subordinate groups 
as generic will likewise use Hlaphurus as a genus. Tome 
its nearest ally seems to be perhaps the Barasingha (C. Du- 
vancelli), which has likewise a long muzzle, terminated with 
outstanding hairs, and rather long expanding toes. Like the 
Barasingha, the Elaphure is in all probability an inhabitant 
of marshes and wet grounds. 
M. Swinhoe informs me that the young Cerous Davidi- 
anus is spotted with white like other cervi at its birth, and 
_ retains the spotted dress about three months, when these 
markings gradually disappear. THEO. GILL. 
Hh al huntin, und, or Hae-tsze, as it is called, is three 
By pam sie south eeieor the Chinese city; itie a tract of country 
by a wall forty miles long. aS 
boys were both keen sportsmen and splendid shots. 
were plenty, and the snipe and ducks around and among 
of five single silver dollars (and half a dozen tickets to the 
supper) I transferred my right and title (?)to Mr. Bruin. 
Thus, you see, for about twenty minutes Iwas an owner 
and showman of a beast, and that was full as long as I had 
any desire to play Barnum. 
the chain passed from my hands and the black whelp was 
led away. 
I felt decidedly relieved when 
I told Mr. B. he must settle the matter with the boys on 
their return, and though they never said a word to me 
aboutit, one way or the other, I am afraid Sam never fully 
forgave me for the part I had innocently taken in the case. 
What times we did have among the game that fall! The 
Quail 
the islands of Beaver Lake, their name waslegion. Here it 
was, too, that I first saw squirrels on ‘‘an emigrate,” as they 
callit. Charley had been down to the station one morn- 
ing and came back nearly out of breath, and asked me if I 
wanted to kill more squirrels in one day than I ever saw in 
my life. Ireplied, ‘Count mein on a squirrel hunt, but 
I don’t think we'll get quite as mgny as that, for I have 
killed a few in my time.” 
“Well, don’t say a word, I just learned it from the engi- 
neer, the squirrels were seen by millions twenty miles from 
here going West. We’llrun out about twelve miles, and I 
guess we’llstrike them; if we do, you'll see a sight.” 
While Charley was getting the traps ready I ran down 
town and got the ammunition. I got ten pounds of squir- 
rel shot and the rest in proportion. 
“Pooh!” says Charley, ‘‘we shall want three times that 
amount; go and get a 25 pound bag.” 
We took the 9 A. M. freight train, and in an hour were 
dropped at a watering station. We started for the first 
piece of woods, about forty rods distant, and before we 
even got there we began to see squirrels on the tences and 
the ground; now a single one, then two or three togéther, 
hurrying along. On entering the woods I got the first shot 
at a gray fellow onthe side of a sapling. At the sound of 
my gun—whew! what a barking commenced all over the 
woods, and the scamps could be seen in nearly ever direc- 
tion on the trees and scudding along the ground. This 
was only the outskirts of the army. We pushed on, firing 
as we went, until we must have got into the main body; 
and then such a sight, thousands and thousands of them! 
Squirrels to right of us, 
Squirrels to left of us, 
Squirrels in front of us, 
Chattering and scampering. 
Well, there is no necessity for me to tell you how many 
we killed that day within the distance of a mile from the 
station. On our way back we picked up the piles we had 
made of our slain, strung them together on a pole, and it 
was all we two could do to get them to the railroad. 
next day a dozen of the boys started for the place (we had 
had enough), and will you believe it, all that those twelve 
men got was four squirrels for their day’s work. Not an- 
other squirrel did they see. Had they gone father west 
six or eight miles I think they would have hit them, for 
word came from the tarmers in that direction that 
they passed there then and did considerable damage to their 
cornfields on their march. 
Now, the before mentioned day’s work may not have 
been very sportsmanlike, as it is termed by gentlemen of 
the trigger, but who does not recall with genuine pleasure 
his boyish days among the bushy tails? JACOBSTAFF, 
—_—o__ 
DEER HUNTING IN MARYLAND. 
~~ 
CUMBERLAND, Maryland, Nov. 18, 1873. 
EDITOR oF FoREstT AND STREAM:— 
Your highly prized paper comes every Saturday full of 
interesting matter concerning the field sports and various 
athletic games of our country. It is not only interesting 
on account of the glowing descriptions it gives by means of 
its correspondents of the splendid hunting grounds of Lake 
Okeechobee, in Florida, and the primeval forests of Nova 
Scotia, but it’s correspondents are men of intelligence and 
education, and the valuable scientific information combined 
with the stories of bag and basket, find an important place 
in the estimation of your correspondent, if I may so term 
myself. 
To all sporting men and to those who are fond of the 
good things of life and a jovial landlord, I would recom- 
mend the St. Nicholas Hotel, and mine host Samuel Luman, 
a true disciple of Isaac Walton and a Nimrod of no mean 
pretensions. It was under the auspices of this landlord 
that a deer hunt was organized and conducted by William 
Halland with his eight hounds. 
All my preparations had been made the night before, and 
a ring at the door bell at four o’clock, A. M., notified me 
that it was time to start. I was soon ready and in the 
saddle, accompanied by six other gentlemen. A ride of 
eight miles through the cool frosty air of an autumn morn. 
ing brought us to our destination. We were told that the 
dogs had already started. 
We selected our stands and I soon had my gun loaded 
With a heavy charge of C. and H’s diamond grain powder, 
covered by one of Eley’s patent wire cartridges for large 
game. Iwas satisfied that if the dogs should run in the 
deer at my stand, that I would be able to damage his hide. 
My stand was between the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and 
the Potomac River, which at this point are only separated 
by about twenty-five yards, at the end of a ridge called 
Iron’s Mountain, upon which ridge the dogs were to be 
started. 
I had been standing for perhaps an hour trying to catch 
the least sound indicative of the approach of the deer, 
when about a mile off I could hear the tongueing of one of 
the hounds; nearer and nearer came the sound, and faster 
and faster beat my pulse. I was evidently getting the buck 
fever and I trembled with excitement, but braced myself 
for action and thought that now was the opportunity to 
show my qualities as a shot. 
I had not long to wait on the bare hill side. About three 
hundred yards away was a fine four pronged buck making 
for the river just ahead of three of the dogs. I saw he 
would cross the canal about two hundred yards below me, 
too far for my gun to reach. JI ran as fast as I could to in- 
tercept him, and as he emerged from the water on my side, 
(I was probably eighty yards from him), I stopped, steadied 
myself, and as he paused to jump a fence on the line of the 
towing path, I fired. Over the fence he went right on his 
head. Getting up he started off, when my left barrel brought 
him once more to his knees, but he recovered and staggered 
to the river bank, where he laid down, and upon my ap- 
proach, got up and crossed the river. But a shot from 
another of the party put an end to his travels and our 
morning hunt. In the afternoon we killed another deer 
about the same size, and the rest of the day was spent in 
jollification over our success, and in telling stories of 
former hunts and camp experiences. In my next I will 
give the different varieties of game found in this section of 
country, and some of the prominent characteristics of the 
same, as often seen by Yours, OBSERVER. 
— 
A CHOPPER AT Work.—The choppers do not stand on 
the ground, but on stages raised so as to enable the axe to 
strike in where the tree attains its regular thickness; for 
the redwood, like the sequoia, swells at the base, near the 
ground. These trees prefer steep hill-sides, and grow in an 
extremely rough and broken country, and their great height 
makes it necersary to fell them carefully, lest they should, 
falling with such an enormous weight, break to pieces. 
This constantly happens in spite of every precaution, and 
there is little doubt that in these forests and at the mills two 
feet of wood are wasted for every foot of lumber sent to 
market. To mark the direction line on which the tree is to 
fall, the chopper usually drives a stake into the ground a 
hundred ora hundred and fifty feet from the base of the 
tree, and it is actually common to make the tree fall upon 
this stake, so straight do these redwoods stand, and so ac- 
curate is the skill of the cutters. To fell a tree eight feet in 
diameter is counted a day’s work fora man. When such a 
tree begins to totter, it gives at first a sharp crack; the cut- 
ter labors with his axe usually about fifteen minutes after 
this premonitory crack, when at last the huge mass begins 
“to go over. Then you may hear one of the grandest sounds 
of the forest. The fall of a great redwood is startlingly like 
a prolonged thunder-crash, and is really a terrible sound. — 
Charles Nordhof, Harper’s Magazine. 

Sn aeaneeeeeee 
—Antiquity of rowing: the Ark was guided by a Noah. 
