FOREST AND STREAM. 
345 
OO eee 
wegian government had one of these houses well prepared 
for any accidental inmates. Here, about the middle of 
October of 1872, came seventeen sailors, and found in the 
‘Shouse ample store of fuel, ammunition, provision and 
clothing. One would have supposed that thus snugly 
housed they would have endured the rigors of the climate. 
But they were doubtless slothful and improvident. In- 
stead of replenishing their larder by hunting, they ate up 
all the food that was in the house. Indifferent as to their 
physical health, they possibly never used their limbs in 
healthy exercise, or were brave enough to struggle with the 
occasional rigors of out-door life. Scurvy or the pestilen- 
tial atmosphere engendered in their close quarters, must 
have hurt these seventeen men, or a slow torpor must have 
in time paralyzed their limbs, for this last June, when Mit- 
terhunk station was visited by the usual government reliev- 
ing party, a ghastly sight was discovered, not a scrap of 
food was left, and all the inmates of the house were dead. 
The contrast between these two narratives of wintering 
in the Arctic circle cannot fail to convey a lesson. In the 
first case recorded, will determination, the calling into 
«play of every sense for the preservation of man’s life, saved 
one party, while indolence, lethargy, and indifference, de- 
stroyed to’ man the other party, those whose chances for 
life were by far the better. : 
Questions of arctic research, the methods by which this 
ultimate object, the discovery of the warmer sea, may be 
attained, are always full of~interest. It is then with un- 
feigned pleasure that we are at liberty to announce that the 
Forest AnD SrREAM will shortly present to its readers a 
series of articles on Arctic Exploration, written by a gen- 
tleman whose name has been distinguished as having been 
associated with American research in this quarter, and to 
whose liberal patronage and advice the late Captain Hall 
was largely indebted. 
a ge 
THE VIENNESE EXHIBITION AND THE 
BIRDS: : 

N taking notice of the innumerable committees, sub- 
committees, and congresses held at Vienna on every pos- 
sible subject, do not let us forget one most interesting in 
regard to the birds. The Swiss Minister Von Tschude read 
a most interesting paper before the Bird Congress on the 
protection of useful birds. This congress discussed thor- 
ougbly“M. Von Tschude’s paper, and Dr. Brehm, in order to 
save his feathered friends from destruction—for friends are 
they indeed, not foes, preserving the crops—advised the 
adoption of the following measures :— 
1. General instruction in the nature and influence of na- 
tive animals and birds. 
2. Promotion of instruction in natural history by the in- 
troduction of an exhaustive manual of zoology and botany 
in the educational course of public and high schools. 
8. Promotion and an active interest in the rational efforts 
of societies for the protection of animals. 
4, Dissemination of useful knowledge in this direction 
through gratis distribution of good books by the govern- 
ment and societies for the general weal. 
5. Especially the distribution of a popular, compen- 
dious, well-illustrated manual and handbook of native ani- 
mals and plants to all foresters, village school teachers, 
rural clergymen, and other persons of local iafluence. 
6. Establishment of small collections in schools for the 
purposes of object teaching. 
After a thorough discussion of the subject the following 
resolutions of the congress were carried, to be submitted 
to the Austrian government for action :— 
The International Congress of Land and Forest Cultur- 
ists, assembled at Vienna, resolve to petition the Austrian 
government to secure the protection of birds, which are 
acknowledged as useful to land and forest culture, by in- 
ternational treaties with other States, under consideration 
of the following points as bases :— 
1. The capture and killing of insect devouring birds are 
unconditionally forbidden. 
2. It is desired that a special list of the names of such 
birds as should” be protected be publisned by an interna- 
tional commission, composed of men acquainted with the 
subject. ; : 
3. The capture of birds which are for the most part grain 
eaters shall be permitted from the 1st of March to the 15th 
of September. 
4, The capture of birds by means of slings and snares, 
of whatever kind, is totally forbidden. 
5. The taking of eggs and young, as well as the destruc- 
tion of nests of all birds, with the exception of the injuri- 
ous species, are forbidden. 
A list of all injurious birds shall likewise be published 
by the above mentioned commission. ‘ 
6. The public sale of dead or live insect eating birds is 
forbidden at all seasons, as well asthe sale of all other 
species of birds during the season of preservation. . This 
prohibition likewise extends to the sale of the nests of said 
irds. 
7. Exceptions to these resolutions can be made at all 
‘times in favor of scientific objects. 
Doubtless our Cincinnati friends, whose excellent So- 
ciety, founded for the purpose of protecting birds, which 
we noticed some time ago, will follow the ideas suggested 
in Vienna, and we would refer them to a most thorough 
resumé of the whole proceedings, published in the New 
York Herald of the 2d of this month, from which report 
we have taken the resolutions proposed by the most hu- 
mane Bird Congress. 
a 0-0 
FAMINE iN [yprs.—A terrible famine seems to be im- 
pending in Bengal. It is calculated tbat it will require 30,- 
000 tons of rice for the daily wants of this district alone, 
the bulk of which must come from abroad. If sent by 
water, it would require 200 ships of 1,000 tons each, loaded 
with rice, to land their cargoes every week in Calcutta. It 
seems it will be impossible to prevent a gigantic loss of life 
from starvation in this unfortunate country. 
Report oF THE FisHERyY Commissioners or New JER- 
sEY.-—The fourth: annual report of Messrs. Dowell, Slack 
and Shotwell, the New Jersey Commissioners of Fisheries, 
addressed to His Excellency the Governor of the State, is 
by no means a reassuring document. 
The past fishing season in the tidal portions of the Dela- 
ware have resulted in failure, and shore fisheries have not 
paid expenses, and in most instances, fishermen have lost 
money. It has been a popular belief among fishermen 
“that a hard winter was followed by a good fishing season,” 
but the experience of the last year has shown the contrary. 
From a careful perusal of this interesting report, it seems 
that the absence of shad and the loss of this excellent article 
of food, has been mainly due to the ignorance and cupidity 
of man, and the sheer carelessness and utter indifference 
with which the laws in regard to fish have been carried out, 
rather than to any natural causes. 
In Burlington County shad were caught at Riverton on the 
8th of April, and they reached Burlington on the 20th. The 
catch was half that of the year 1872. On the whole, in 
Burlington County, it was a failure. The report states that 
“the destruction of shad has been so great for several years 
that unless artificial propagation is resorted to, and the laws 
enforced with vigor, the shad will be entirely destroyed.” 
Fyke nets are terribly destructive of young fish, and allow 
no fish to grow to the size they attained in former years. 
In proof of this, comparisons as to the size of fish caught 
to-day and thirty years ago, can readily show the difference. 
In 1835 a run of shad was not called good unless they 
averaged six pounds. There is recorded ane catch of shad 
of 317, the smallest weighing six pounds. In April of this 
year Pennsylvania fishermen used herring nets, catching 
shad by the thousands, weighing from half « pound to one 
pound each, which were sold to dealers. How isit possible that 
shad can attain any size, when they are caught in this way? 
In Camden County the catch was also a failure. Fish 
wardens were attacked by illicit fishermen, and when the 
perpetrators of the outrage were captured, nothing was 
done to them. In Gloucester County the fishermen all lost 
money. The &verage weight of the shad was but three 
pounds, taking 100 fish when cleaned and salted to fill an 
ordinary fish barrel. In Salem County, owing to the great 
extent of water front in the county, evil disposed persons 
took advantage of the impossibility of the warden to guard 
every point, and shad fishing there had been a failure. 
These statements prove conclusively that a rapid decrease 
has been progressing for years, not only in the number but 
in the size of the shad. The question arises, ‘‘What has be- 
come of the large shad?’ The answer is, ‘‘That they have all 
been caught,” (so say the Commissioners), and we add that 
no time has been allowed for them to attain any size, by the 
fishermen catching fish at illegal periods and with too small 
meshed nets. The Commissioners, who seem to be desirous 
of doing all they can in their power to preserve the fish, 
and to restock the Delaware, propose to do so by artificial 
propagation, by giving the migratory fish a chance to reach 
their spawning ground, and by a strict enforcement of the 
law which interdicts fishing between sunset Saturday and 
12 o'clock Sunday night, and below Trenton Falls, after the 
10th of June, and above the Falls after the 15th of June. 
That these and other salutary restrictions exist on the 
Statute Laws, is certain—but owing to the cupidity of 
fishermen, the ignorance and passiveness of the community 
to their own interests, and the fuzthlessness of the ministers 
of the law, these regulations have remained in abeyance. 
Too much fishing in and out of season, the use ot gilling 
nets, allow but few shad to run the gauntlet. The Com 
missioners state, too, that the use of cocwlus indicus, is still 
carried on to an enormous extent. From every county, 
along the Delaware, the same bad account comes. Even 
the smelt in the Raritan River seem to be on the decrease. 
Of the bass, (grystes Salmoides,) we have better accounts; 
they have increased in the Delaware to a wonderful extent. 
Of the salmon trout, (salmo confinis,) six thousand spawn, 
presented by Mr. Seth Green to the Commissioners, were 
hatched; but, the State having unwisely withdrawn any 
appropriation, they were turned adrift. Some facts in re- 
gard to the smelt mentioned in the report, are interesting. 
it has been generally supposed by fishermen and naturalists 
that saltwater was necessary for the existance of this fish, 
but it would seem that this was erroneous, as they appear 
to inhabit the deep waters of Lake Winnepissiogee. The 
Commissioners propose to take the parent fish from the 
Raritan and transport them to our inland lakes. 
From the tenor of the report, it would seem then, that the 
great fishing interest of the State of New Jersey is in a bad 
way. It is perhaps not too much to sta‘e, that there is 
every reason to suppose that unless vigorous methods are 
employed, shad will in a few years be as rare in the Dela- 
ware as sturgeons are to-day inthe Thames. Alas for the 
pride of Philadelphia! the planked shad, her glory has 
departed ! 
ep 0 
Fines.—At the earnest solicitation of our friends we 
have arranged to supply a neat and convenient file for 
our subscribers, which will not perforate the edges or soil 
the paper. To future subscribers we will include this file 
with the paper under the regular subscription price of $5. 
To others we will furnish them singly at seventy-five cents, 
their cost price by the gross. . 

—InvEx.—We Shave been preparing an InpEx of the 
FOREST AND STREAM, which will be sent to each subseriber 
upon the completion of the semi-annual volnme, closing 
with No. 26. As our paper is eminently a work of refer- 
ence an INDEX is invaluable, and we know will be highly 
appreciated by our readers, 


CREEDMOOR. 
pee SS 
ARTICLE NO, TIT. 
MATCH OF THE NATIONAL RIFLE 
—OCTOBER 8, 1873. 
COMPETITION I—OPENING MATCH—JUDD PRIZE. 
Offered under resolution of Board of Directors, N. R. A., 
to commemorate the services rendered by Hon. David W. 
Judd, in securing the passage of the law by which the As- 
sociation were enabled to secure their range. Open to all 
members of the Association. Weapon, any military rifle; 
distance, 200 yards; position, standing; five rounds; en- 
trance fee, $1; number of entries, 96. 
ABBREVIATIONS FOR NAMES OF RIFLE. 
R. M.—Remington Military. Spg.—Springfield. 
R. S.—Remington Sporting. Ber.—Berdan. 
Shr.—Sharpe. Bal.—Ballard. 
W. B.—Ward Burton. Win.— Winchester. 
May.—Maynard. M. 1.—Muzzle Loader. 
ASSOCIATION 

















yy Hess | &} | 
Name. = Score |S Name. | Se | Score. is 
= |= P i= 
W. Robertson..../R M/3333416|J. S, Conlin......., KR Mj3 2222/11 
J. T. B. Collins..| Bal |33433'16| G. W. Hamilton....| Shr [20 4 2 3/10 
G. A. Strube...... R M/3 2443/16! F. BE. Holton....... | R M2320 3)i0 
Lt. Campbell..... Syd (3323 4/15) WY och Witnfierse ee R M/3302 2/10 
Serec.) Vail). .55. 0. iR M 333 24/15) Lt. Heizman... ...;R M 23082110 
J. P.M. Richards|Ber |32 34 3115| J. R. Hawley... | Shp |2 233 0\10 
H.A. Gildersleeve|R M|3 423 3,15| Alex Pyle.,..... ..|R M203 23/10 
JE: Price, 2.22. 42432|15| A. Farr... [Br’n|2 3 23 0/10 
F. W. Hofle...... R M[|32223/14| J.B. McEwen.....|R M|22240\10 
T. M. Henderson. | 3332 2)13) Sergt. Turner | Spg |22222'10 
J. Hillier... R M|23332/13| Storer............_. Spe |2 2222/10 
J. V. Meserole.../R M'3223 3|18) E. H.Sanford..... \R M2 22 22I10 
Sergt. Collins .../ Spg |2 3233/13! Sergt, Phelan..... R M2222 9110 
H. Fulton......._ 2382 3/13) Corp’ Engle.......|R M|3 2222/11 
W. H. Richards..|R M|34330/13| J. Adam........._ |S EB jz2292\10 
O. Schneelock.../R Mj3 2242/13) Leon Backer....... R M|2222 2/10 
W. G. Burton. ...| W B/2332 3/13] T. Lloyd........... Bal |023221 9 
C.F. Robbins....| Bal |2 23 4 2/13] L. L. Hepburn.....|R M|3 20 2 2| 9 
Lt. Dunning... \R M/33 322/13] F. S.Gardner...._ | 32022 9 
DiKeeleree--.-( MiSs 2 allan de Ross... sllcem 122302! 9 
W.H. Murphy... |R M/2242 3/13] Capt. Abernethy... | 22230! 9 
D. Drummond... | 8242 2/18 Col. Scott...... q 22320) 9 
Capt. Harding.../R M/3 223 2/12| G Edington 132220) 9 
At dE TOUS. es. - |R M/[3 2 22 3'12| Sergt. V fagner. .../R M2 2230 9 
J. Henderson .../R M/33033'12| Niebuhr.........__ R M[20223) 9 
A. Anderson..... | Win /2 3 23 2)12| J. Henderson...... |R Miz 2 0 0 ( 6 
Sergt. Wettereau.|R M/3 3038 12) D. Cameron........:R M1230 30 8 
Col. Hitchcock../R Mj22332'12| G. Crouch... [02222/ 8 
P; Kleins..2 7. (R Mi32 92 212) A. Robertson. 6. IR Mi20032) 7 
A.S. Fowle .....|R M4323 0/12] C. W. Acxerman | 100223) 7 
R.Omand..s, 0: t M)2332 2112) N. D. Ward....... R M023 2 0 ; 
G. W. Wingate.. |R M|338420/12| J.H. Sterns... iR M3 30 0 0 6 
iC. eS tuce tne | Bal }2222 3/11) Capt. Burns........|R M'02202 6 
J. D. Kavanagh... /R M|40322/11| S. L Kellogg. dr...|R Ml00303) 6 
GiW.. Yale.) | Shr |40223)11| Capt. Fullerton.... | 00022) 4 
Sergt. Smith......|Spg|42032l11| H. H. Meday..... 00202) 4 
J. B Burton..../W Bi3 222211) G. H. Leonhardt.../R MI0 0 202| 4 
G. Eddington..../R M|2 222341] A.J. Hennion....__ IR Ml02090) 2 
LACH Braces. | Bal |22232}11/ 7. B. Fish ....... / 00020! 2 
e WilWedioneswe. 5 | j}O0200| 2 
WINNERS. e 
Pree. Name. Tota. 2s He 
1—Silver Cup.....%.. |W. Robertson, 79th Inf......|3 3 33 reer ee 
2—Silver Medal...... JES B Collinge 9 maaan 3343 8—16'Rem. 
3—Life Mem. N. R. A.|G. A. Strube, 22d Inf.) 1324 4 3-16|Rem. 
4—Bronze Medal.... .. | Lt. Campbell, Vic. Rifle, Mont. 3 8 2 3 4—15 S. E. 
5--Bronze Medal...... \Sergt. Vail, 9th Inf.........’ 33824 15/Rem 
6—Bronze Medal... ..\J. P. M. Richards...........|3 23 4 3—15|Rem. 
7—Bionze Medal...... jLt. Col. Gildersleeve,12th Inf/3 4 2 3 3-15 Rem. 
8—Bronze Medal...... jdpberice Vehitnt kes 14243 2-15|Rem. 
(28 Wind blowing heavily aeross the line of fire. 
COMPETITION II—SPORTSMENS’ MATOH. 
Open to all comers; weapon, any rifle: distance, 200 
yards; fiverounds; position, standing: 
: ] §; number of entries, 
129; entrance fee, $1. 





























Ni | &| | ’ Pai re 
Wame. | = Score | Name. i = Seon BS 
O. Schneeclock....{R $/333: Ty Movdas esa liRaloss sie 
A. Robertson...../R $|3433: Re Omands. 5... 25. RM : i 
J.T. 3B) Colling:, 1. 4333/16) W: I. Stevenson.../R M|3 224 1 
Cc. B. Waterbury . 333 3/1€| G. W. Yale... .__ I Shr Sas rh 
A. Anderson.,... 2433/16) Sergt. Turner... .. |Spg Biol 1 
Gen. Meserole....|May|3 3333/15] Hickman........ || | Spg 293 i 
L. Backer .......|R Mj33 333/15) H. H, Meday.... | R M222234 
Sergt. Freeman. ./R M/33423)15| A. 8. Fowle ... ///M 1/7032 e100 
S. I. Kellogg, Jr.|R M/3 2334 15| D. Brown..........|May!42 02 3/11 
J. R. Hawley ..... Shp|4 38 23'15) F. W. Hofle RS/342ual1 
Sergt. Smith......|Spg |3 43 8 3/15} T. Keogh...... |. 32204 11 
Capt. Burns...... W Bi23 33 4/15) J. Corrie........... | \3 3203 iW 
Lt. Heizman...... |R M\243 42/15) P. Casey.... 2239 a 11 
F. E. Harlow... .|Wes |8 233 3/14| W. A. Scott... 077” RM 2232311]- 
Capt. Sands...... 3823314] W.Judd......... |. 33230111 
W.H. Murfey....|R M|24323/14) J. Bodine.) 2818282 00 
AGrd ROUZUoa en. |\R M/3 2333/14] D. Cameron RS 28 30 140 
J. Beattic..... i 3 4 2/14] Doerle............ R mS 0223/10 
J.S. Conhn M38 8:2 3114) Hart. 2... ........ RM 2222240 
G. W. Hamilton. .|R M/233 24/14) Capt Abernethy.../R M ‘ are 
W. G. Burton....|W Bj43 232/14] J. S. Henderson... | |R M)2032 3li0 
W. C. Beddy.....|Shr |33233)14! J. E. McEwen .. .RS/3230 2/40 
Sergt. A. Wood.../R M/3 3332/14] Wayland... ..... Spe |3.02 39 10 
J. J. Slattery...../R M'38 233/14, B. H. Canford......|R M033 04. 
Sergt Vail........ R M\24233)14| T. M. Henderson../R M\2 23 03 10 
Ii Kkleineeecreene. |R Mj23 333/14) W. Roberison.... [RS 30229 9 
Col. Gildersleeve. 4 3 2/14] Seret. Collins...... | Spg |23 391 9 
W. H. Murphy... 343 14) E. H. Pollock... ..' = '202231 9 
Mts Ge iOlan kee |233 23/18) McGlone..7~....... Spg 20239] 9 
ey CmBrucey meee Bal |2 3323/13) W. B. Coughtry...|R M/232Q 9] 9 
L. L. Hepburn....|R M/2 2333113] J. C. McIntyre... 02223 9 
Col. Hitchcock. ../R Mj3 2224/13) J, McAvey........ IR MIZ0229] ¢ 
P. Phelan........ |R M|2-3 233/13! M. Belson... | Ik Mizosoo 2 
Ach Ra re.# sarees Br’n|3 33 2 2/13| W. S: Smith... RM'30023 6 
AG vise tate R § |23323[13| C.F. Robins. Bal (022221 6 
-G. A. Strube......|R M|3233 2/13) R. B. Lockwood...|R M|29200) © 
Lt. Horsfall ..... R M/233 23/13! Fraser...........__ RMP2100; 2 
HOE. Holton:-4:,5 R M(4 3222/13) Sergt. Waterean...'R Ml> 2099 8 
J. Eddington.....|% Mj22888'13) J. Adam........ iRig 1290 0 3| 8 
Sergt. Wagner ..|R M|3 2323/13) C. W. Ackerman 2 M0089 aie 
Capt. Harding....|R Mj23323/13) M. Rol ms RS 20302 + 
C. Renard...... ; 12328 3/13 IR Mlog28 ale 
H. Poppenhusen .| 23223 12) IR Mjoo23 ol + 
J. G. Johnson.... 2233 2/12 2 R M002 i 
Te Gales. eeeerses. R Mj2233 3/13) T. B. Fish RMlo0 25 51° 
J. H. Sterns......]/R M/2 23 22/11) , R Mioo2 6 
Pe Murph yssces- |R M2 2422/12; Cudlipp.<........ R M220 o 
Lt. Dunning...... R M/3 223 212) Capt. Cavanagh... i 6 
Sergt. Pihet...... R M/3 228 212] Col. Scott... | . 
Sergt. Bateman...|R M/3 2333/12] G. Crouch .....01 1) : 
J. Trageser, Jr...|R M/23 223)12| C. B. Gray... 
J. L. Price.....-. R M/4222 2/12) N.D. Ward. ||” 2 
J. Henderson..... R MI23233/13| J.D. Kavenagh..__ > 
L. M. Ballard.....!R S 3303 3)12| J. Rose...... |} 6 
W. 4H. Richards../R S |228 23/12) R. B. Malloy. ) 6 
HB. Hulton... ..:.. May |232 12| 8S. H. Hersey IR Mi00205 / 
J.P. M. Richards| Shr |2 338 2 2]12| Capt. Mitchell, R Mio 0030 4 
Copr’lN Engle... |R M2222 4/12) J. K. Bulmer.,.... 120 N00 M4 
Corp’! Hillier.,...|R M|3 3083/12) M.G. Sheehy ....| 100261 9 
WINNDRS, a 
Prize. Naine. 7 otu Ris 
1—Metford Rifle.......|G. Schneelock, 32d Lut, .,... 338: rele 
2—Moose Antlers .....)A. Robertson, 12th Inf... 343 = 
8—Silver Medal.,......|J. T. B. Collins ..., N43 
4—Life Mem. N. R. A.|C. B. Waterbury, 12th Lnf.../4 3 3 
5—Bronze Medal...... A. Anderson, 4th N. J....... \4243: 
6—Bronze Medal......./Gen. J. V. Meserole.... | ../3 3 3 
?—Bronzc Medal..... .{Leon Backer, 22d Inf...... || 333 


(ee Wind hlowing hard from all points of the comps3ss, 
