


































Dz=VOTED To FIELD AND AQuarTic Sports, PRAcTicaL NATURAL History, 
Fis CULTURE, THE PROTECTION OF GAME, PRESRYATION OF FoRESTS, 
AND THE INCULCATION IN MEN AND WOMEN OF A HEALTHY INTERFST 
IN OuU7-D90R RECREATION AND Stupy: F 
PUBLISHED BY 
forest and Streay Publishing Company, 
—aT— 
103 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK. 
ees 
Terms, Five Dollars a Year, Strictly in Advance. 
Cages 
A discount of twenty percent. for five copies and upwards. Any person 
sending us two subscriptions and Ten Dollars will receive a copy of 
Hallock’s ‘‘ Fisurve Tourist,'’ postage free. 
iis a eae 
Advertising Rates. 
In regular advertising coluinns, nonpareil type, 12lines to the inch, 25 
sents per line. Advertisements on outside page, 40 cents perline. Reading 
notices, 50 cents per line. Advertisements in doublecolumn 25 per cent. 
extra. Where advertisements are inserted over 1 month, a discount of 
10 per cent. will be made; over three months, 20 per cent; over six 
months, 30 per cent. 
eee 
NEW YORK, THURSDAY, JAN. 15, 1874. 
—==—_—__ 



To Correspondents. 
ee eS 
All communications whatever, whether relating to business or literary 
correspondence, must be addressed to Tue Forest AND STREAM PUB- 
LISHING COMPANY. Personal letters only, to the Manager. 
All communications intended for publication must be accompanied with 
real name, as a guaranty of good faith. Names will not be published if 
objection be made. No anonymous contributions will be regarded. 
. Articles relating to any topic within the scope of this paper are solicited. 
We cannot promise to return rejected manuscripts. 
Ladies are especially invited to use our columns, which will be pre- 
pared with -:areful reference to their perusal and instruction. 
Secretaries of Clubs and Associations are urged to favor us with brief 
notes of their movements and transactions, as it is the aim of this paper 
become a medium of useful and reliable information between gentle- 
men sportsmen from one end of the country to the other; and they will 
find our columns a desirable medium for advertising announcements. 
The Publishers of Forrest AND STREAM aim to merit and secure the 
patronage and countenance of that portion of the community whose re- 
fined intelligence enables them to properly appreciate and enjoy all that 
is beautiful in Nature. It will pander to no depraved tastes, nor pervert 
the legitimate sports of land and water to those base uses which always 
send to make them unpopular with the virtuous and good. No advertise- 
ment or business notice of an immoral character will be received on any 
terms; and nothing will be admitted to any department o the paper that 
may not be read with propriety in the home circle. 
We cannot be responsible for the dereliction of the mail service, if 
money remitted to us is lost. 
Advertisements should be sent in by Saturday of each week, if possible. 
CHARLES HALLOCK, 
Managing Editor. 


OUR FLORIDA EXPEDITION. 
pasate eed As 
UST as we had began to bewail the probable loss of our 
Forrest AND STREAM Commissioner at the bottom of 
the deep blue sea, we were gladdened by the announcement 
of his safe arrival at Mosquito Inlet, Indian River, andtwo 
days subsequently at New Smyrna, Florida, after a tedious 
passage of twenty-five days from Barnstable, Mass., in a 
coasting vessel. We give a brief extract from: his hurriedly 
written note:— 
‘“ Will not trouble you witli details of my cruise, of the 
beating about in the gulf stream for nearly two weeks, 
while my soul was sickening at the thought of the precious 
days going, gone forever! Iam filled with wrath ard dis- 
gust unutterable, but shall try and make up for lost time. 
Shall commence to gather and hoard away all information 
upon the various species of birds, quadrupeds, fishes, &c., 
for your use in special columns another season. The 
Florida papers are making very favorable mention of our 
expedition, and the ‘‘Floridian” speaks of it as a great un- 
dertaking. Expect to reach St. Lucie in ten days.” 
St. Lucie will be the headquarters of our correspondent. 
Thence he will penetrate to and explore regions almost in- 
accessible, including Lake Ochechobee, ot which latter he 
has already written extensively and minutely in these 
columns. These investigations will continue until April, 
and be aided by all necessary attendants and apparatus. 
He has two boats, tents, two men, the complete ordinary 
outfit of a sportsman, photographic apparatus, with 100 
negatives, and a stock of artist’s materials—all of which 
were taken with him from New England—and also an In- 
dian and native Florida guide, with swamp ponies, etc. 
His labors include commissions to collect specimens of 
Natural History and Indian relics for the Smithsonian and 
other scientific institutions. Altogether, the expedition is 
fitted out at considerable expense, and for the object sought 
to be accomplished, will prove itself eventually of consider- 
able importance, and attach some credit to the enterprise of 
Forest AND STREAM, under whose auspices alone it has 
been instituted. Both government and private enterprise 
have essayed explorations from time to time into the in- 
terior of Florida, but the information gained has been so 
far of little practical value or benefit, even when most need- 
ed, as it was during the seven years’ Seminole War. How 
frequently we shall be able to hear from our correspondent, 
we cannot say, as therejwill be intervals of time when ac- 
cess to mail facilities will be impossible. However, the 
material furnished will be voluminous in the aggregate, 
He will write over the signature of ‘‘Fred. Beverly.” 



FOREST AND STREAM 
THE ANGLO-AMERICAN CHALLENGE— 
THE COMING POINTER AND SETTER 
FIELD TRIALS. 

din interest taken by our gentlemen sportsmen, owners 
of pointers and setters, in regard to the challenge 
published exclusively in the Forest AND STREAM and ad- 
dressed to ourselves and to no one else, by Mr. R. L. Price and 
the Rev. J. Cumming Macdona, is unabated. We are as- 
sured that the challenge will be accepted by some of our 
most distinguished sportsmen who are pleased with the lib- 
eral and fair manner in which the challenge is worded. 
These gentlemen haying been convinced by us that it would 
be better for all parties conce:ned to withhold their names 
from publication until the precise rules and regulations 
governing such field trials are published, sportsmen will 
kindly wait patiently until we shall receive the information, 
by which they may be governed as to the nature of the con- 
test. It would be perfectly within our capabilities to print 
sundry laws on English field trials, but as we have every 
reason to know that they are not those which will be en- 
forced for 1874, by producing them in our columns we 
might only confuse our readers. Wetrust in our next issue 
to be able to publish the revised code, as some slight 
changes have been made since the last field trials. 
It may be well for us to state at once that we can enter 
into no discussion in regard to the character of the field 
trial matches on the other side of the water, not having been 
present on the ground. One thing is certain, however, that 
once engaged in the contest, according to the English rules, 
we must abide by their laws. We feel very certain, from 
the high character of the gentlemen who will engage in this 
interesting contest, that everything will be arranged in the 
most pleasant manner, no matter which country wins. 
One point especially worth mentioaing in regard to Mr. 
Price’s challenge and which may have escaped the notice 
of those not familiar with English cover shooting is, that 
Mr. Price purposes the use of ground in one of the wildest 
parts of Wales. This shows not only great courtesy, but 
liberality on the part of the challengers, because the Eng- 
lishman with his dogs, especially trained and broken for 
open shooting in the ‘‘stubble” and turnep fields, would 
undoubtedly beat any American bred dogs, not accustomed 
to this kind of shooting. Balais in the county of Merioneth, 
North Wales, where is situated. the beautiful lake named 
Bala; it is some four miles long by one in breadth, the prop- 
erty of Sir Watkin W. Wynn, Bart, and it is this gentleman 
who has kindly consented to lend his grounds and game for 
the Anglo-American field trial matches. The face of the 
country closely resembles the northern portions of the State 
of Pennsylvania, as parts of Wynnstay are sterile, barren 
and rocky with a low undergrowth, not unlike that found 
in the counties of Elk and McKean. 
When these interesting trials which have been placed 
exclusively in our hands by Mr. R. L. Price and the Rev. J. 
Cumming Macdona are fully arranged, and everything 
known in regard to them by the gentlemen who on our side 
are now desirous of taking up the challenge, we shall pub- 
lish the same in the fullest details. As acting for our Ame- 
rican friends and English sportsmen, we intend to be most 
careful and circumspect in regard to it, and will take no 
step that will militate for or against either party, we 
think this proper caution will be applauded in the end. 
We might, if we pleased, say a great deal of the preliminary 
business of this challenge, the same having been already 
arranged by us in our office, but we refrain from doing so, 
for the reasons before distinctly stated. 
—————— eS 6 
THE GLOUCESTER FISHERMEN.’ 
wore eee 
ENNYSON’S In Memoriam, the most mournful poem 
of the century, devoted as it is to recording the loss of 
a cherished friend, is hardly more elegiac in character, nor 
causes greater sadness than the reading of the plain prose 
which, in The Fishermen’s Memorial or Record Book, tells 
of those brave men who in the pursuit of their dangerous 
calling, have been engnifed in the seas which surge along 
our northern coast. 
The little bark leaves the port, glides on the quiet seas, 
just ruffled by the breeze, and no one scarce heeds the de- 
parture. She is absent fora week or month, then away 
across the headland she appears again. The watchful eye 
of the wife, the mother, the daughter knows the vessel, 
though to you she seems but as a mere speck on the ocean. 
The vessel nears the shore. ‘‘Thank God,” cry the poor 
women folk; ‘‘they, our husbands, our fathers, our broth- 
ers, have escaped the perils of the Georges or the Banks.” 
Now the craft is better discerned,but her flag, that poor 
little bit of ragged bunting, where is it? It droops at half 
mast! Some one who trod that deck, who sprang once as 
lithe as lithe could be up the rattlines, who threw the 
hook, or worked the dorey, or the trawl, is no more, and 
has been lost at sea, 
“Who shall the mourners be, 
That soon must weep sad tears for him 
They never more must see?” 
Mr. George H. Proctor’s book, the Fishermen’s Memorial 
and Record Book, written in Gloucester, the headquarters 
of the Massachusetts fishermen, gives to us matter of the 
most injeresting character. People read habitually of the 
dangers of the fisherman’s life, and hardly appreciate it 
until the sad facts are brought before their eyes. From 
1830 to 1878 sailing from this single port of Gloucester, 
1,437 men have lost their lives in their vocation of fish- 
ing, and 286 vessels have foundered. Every winter month 
has its vicissitudes, but of all of them the February gale“of 

1862 was the most terrible. On Monday evening, Febru- 
ary 24th, says Mr. Proctor, ‘‘a terrible gale from the north- 
west suddenly burst upon the fishing fleet on Georges, when 
there were about seventy sail at anchor very near each 
other. In this gale one hundred and sixty-two men and 
ninteen vessels were lost.” The storm of 1871 was almost 
equally disastrous, 140 souls having perished with nine- 
teen vessels. This past year has not been without its vicis- 
situdes; from January to July 1, forty-one lives and twelve 
vessels have been lost from Gloucester alone. 
The great danger arises from causes which may be ex- 
plained as follows: The vessels following closely one 
another, all flock to one place, and if the fishing is good 
they anchor there. The wind howls, the snow comes 
down like a pall, and the sea riscs. The vessels try to ride 
out the storm at anchor, a craft loses her anchor or her 
cable parts, and away she goes with fearful speed. If she 
then strike another fishing vessel, the doom of both is 
sealed, there is not the slightest hope; there is a erash 
heard for an instant amid the mutterings of the storm, and 
the two vessels with their crews find a watery grave. One 
who was in the fearful storm of 1862, tells the story of the 
danger: ‘‘The darkness was impenetrable, and a more dis- 
mal night I never passed. Once in a while,the storm would 
lull; then we could see the lights of the fleet, but this was 
not often. The hours passed heavily along; they are indel- 
ibly impressed’ on my memoty, and will not be effaced 
until death claims me. During the night, a large vessel 
passed quite near us. We could see her lights, her spars 
and sails, as she sped swiftly along on the wings of the 
storm. Glad enough were we to have her pass us, and I 
trembled at the thought of our fate had she struck our 
little craft. The morning at last breaks, when the skipper 
cried out, ‘There is a vessel adrift right ahead of us!’ On 
shecame. The drifting vessel was coming directly for us; 
& moment more and the signal to cut our own hawser must 
be given. With the swiftness of a gu}] she passed us, so 
near that I could have leaped aboard, just clearing us, and 
we were saved from Ganger. We watched the doomed 
craft as she sped on her cruise. She struck one of the fleet 
a short distance astern, and we saw the waters close over 
both vessels. Almost as-we gazed, they both disappeared. 
Then we knew that two vessels of the fleet would never 
return to port.” 
Another great danger is that which the dorymen under- 
go. In visiting their trawls, launching their frail boats, 
the fishermen are often lost during the fogs which enshroud 
them. ‘‘The chances of a man thus adrift on the seas are 
smalJl,” Mr. Proctor states, ‘‘and that the majority of those 
who get estrayed from their vessel pay the penalty with 
their lives.” Our authority advises, in order to lessen dan- 
gers of this character, that each dory should be provided 
with sufficient food and water to sustain life for several 
days. - 
Leaving these sadder incidents of the fishermen’s life, 
from the Memorial Book one can gather a great deal of in- 
formation in regard to the various fish sought for, and thelr 
methods of capture. 
with a bare hook, when in 1816 one Abraham Lurrey dis- 
covered a method of running lead around the hook, and 
invented the jig. Small lines and fly lines only came into 
use in 1823. Bait mills were not used until 1820; before 
that time the fishermen’s heels ground up the bait. From 
the dozen jiggers of 1812, small and poor craft, sprang the 
fleet of two hundred clipper schooners used by Gloucester 
in the mackerel fisheries of to-day. 
Cod fishing was first practically tested in 1821 in the Bay 
of St. Lawrence by our Gloucester folk. At first to anchor 
on the Banks to fish was thought to be fraught with dan- 
ger. Brave old salts thought the current would drag their 
vessels under water, and it was only in ’21 that they found 
out how to fish when at anchor on the Georges. But this 
important branch of fishery only became a permanent busi- 
ness in 1835 or ’86, when halibut was added to cod. In 
1846 more halibut were caught than codfish; now it is the 
reverse. It is not only on our own coasts that our hardy 
fishermen gain their bread. Sometime ago the Forest anp 
STREAM recorded the fishing adventures of some of our en- 
terprising Gloucester fishermen on the coasts of Greenland 
and Iceland. In 1872 six vessels were engaged in the 
business, and made successful trips to Iceland. But last 
year arriving at a bad season ofthe year, our fishermen 
had poor luck. 
The profits derived from these fishing enterprises are 
quite remarkable. A Grand Banker averages nine trips in 
a year, and the trips vary from $8,000 to $17,000, $12,000 
being about the average. All depends upon hitting the 
right market, (see our article in last number on the German 
sea fishing.) Some of the exceptional trips and money re- 
sults are worthy of mention. In 1866 with a season’s fish- 
ing on the Banks a schooner made $22,000. In 1871 a 
schooner on a single trip sold her catch of cod and halibut 
for $5,361, each of her crew making $213. Time occupied 
in making the trip, five weeks. In mackerel fishing the 
money made is sometimes even larger, In 1865 a schooner 
absent about five months madea net stock amounting to 
$13,728. The cook’s share was $582. The gross receipts 
from fish sold are called the stock. The men who sail the 
vessels, who reap the harvests of the sea to day, are quite 
different from those of only twenty-five yearsago. Then the 
fishermen were mostly native born. To-day there is a large 
admixture of hands coming from the Provincia] waters. 
Between the two styles of vesse!, those from the United 
States and from the Provinces, there was a marked differ- 
ence. The former sailed a clipper-built and well appointed 
craft, the later had only clumsy vessels, and were far be- 
Me ckerel were first caught about 1812, 
