12. Waterfowl 
No attempt was made to cover the waterfowl situation comprehen- 
Sively. Only such information was gathered as bears on the land problem, 
plus certain fragments which might be useful to the waterfowl survey con- 
ducted by the American Wildfowlers in co-operation with the Biological 
@ survey. 
Shrinkage of Waterfowl Range. Map J. is a photographic reduction of a 
colored drainage map published by Pickels & Leonard, 1921. Probably most 
of the colored areas (showing dark on the reduction) were originally to 
some degree the habitat of waterfowl. When this is compared with the im- 
portent remaining habitats (outlined in red ink) the enormous shrinkage of 
waterfowl ground through drainage can be appreciated. Small wonder, then, 
that so long as there are any waterfowl left at all, they should appear to 
be "abundant" on these remnants of the former range, especially on baited 
remnants like the Illinois River bottoms. 
Forms of Tenure. Duck ground is held in 5 ways: 
(1) Clubs. Group, for sport. 
(2) Private preserves. Individual, for sport. 
(3) Commercial preserves. Individual, for profit, but charge is 
usually made not only for shooting but also for board,., 
lodging, or other facilities. 
(4) Toll farms. Individual, for profit, but incidental to 
farming. 
(5) Public shooting grounds. 
ey There is not sharp line between Class 5 and Class 4. Class 5 
does not yet exist to any extent (see Map 0). Classes 1 and 2, and sometimes 
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