TERMINOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS IN PLANTS. 113 
another reason for the abolition of the compounds of it, 
such as ‘‘oospore,” ‘‘carpospore,” and the like. 
_ Spores again are produced in sporangia, which are in 
turn developed on sporophylla upon a sporophyte. 
Having laid down these fundamental principles it 
behoves us to see how the various modifications of the 
type can be reduced to order. In doing so it will be 
necessary to bear in mind the two peculiar phenomena of 
apospory, or the disappearance of the asexual method of 
reproduction, and apogamy, or the disappearance of the 
sexual method. 
In order to illustrate the use of the terms, the adoption 
of which I am advocating, no better example can be 
taken than the Fern. In that type we have a typical life- 
history where all the essential stages are developed. An 
ovum (oosphere) is developed in an ovarium (archegonium), 
and a sperm (antherozoid) is developed in a spermarium 
(antheridium) on the same gamophyte (prothallus) or on 
separate gamophyta. The fertilization of the ovum by a 
sperm results in the formation of an embryo (oospore). 
The embryo developes, under suitable conditions, into a 
sporophyte (Fern), which in its turn produces spores in 
sporangia borne on sporophylla. Each spore produces, on 
germinating, a new gamophyte. 
In the Moss the ovum (oosphere) is produced in an 
ovarium (archegonium), and fertilized by a sperm (anther- 
ozoid), formed in a spermarium (antheridium). The 
embryo, which is parasitically attached to the gamophyte 
(Moss, oophyte) becomes a sporophyte (sporogonium, seta 
+ theca). The sporophyte developes spores from a sporo- 
genous layer (archesporium), which again develope into 
Moss plants, or gamophyta. The interesting transition 
9 
stage, or “‘protonema,’ may represent the rudiment of a 
8-2 
