114 LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
lost true sporophyte, from which a secondary sporophyte 
has arisen by budding. 
In Selaginella the ovum (oosphere) is developed in a 
rudimentary ovarium (archegonium) sunk in the tissue of a 
gamophyte (prothallus, macrospore) still enclosed within 
the wall of the spore. Similarly the sperm (antherozoid) is 
produced from a rudimentary spermarium (reproductive 
cells of the microspore), which, in turn, is connected with 
a rudimentary gamophyte (vegetative cells of microspore). 
The product of fertilization is an embryo, which in time 
developes into a sporophyte (Selaginella plant), capable 
of producing two kinds of spores—gynospores (macro- 
spores) and androspores (microspores) in gynosporangia 
(macrosporangia) and androsporangia (microsporangia). 
(In passing, it may be noted that the term ‘‘macrospore”’ 
is etymologically wrong, for paxgs means “long,” not 
‘“‘large’’—imegaspore would be more nearly accurate. | 
These two kinds of spores are able to form, whilst still 
enclosed by their spore-walls, the rudimentary gamophyta 
above referred to. 
Again, in the case of the Spermaphyta, the several 
stages are equally well represented, and the same terms 
will be found applicable. The ovum (oosphere) is here 
not enclosed in an ovarium at all, but lies beneath 
the two so-called ‘‘ synergidae,”’ the sole remnant of the 
ovarium.* The sperm is not differentiated, the entire 
contents of the spermarium (pollen tube) acting as the 
fertilizing agent. The vegetative cells of the pollen grain 
represent the lost male gamophyte again, as in Sela- 
ginella, enclosed within the spore-wall. The fertilized 
ovum becomes an embryo capable of forming a plant, or 
sporophyte, which produces on the edges of certain leaves 
*<<On the Embryosac and Development of Gymnadenia conopsea,” 
H. Marshall Ward. Q. J. M.S., vol. xx. 
