L. P. GUNSON & CO., ROCHESTER, N. Y. 57 
used, apply with a sprayer that will retain at least 290 pounds pressure and that 
has nozzles with small enough openings to give a fine spray mist. Dusting in the 
seed bed will not eliminate entirely the necessity of spraying or dusting in the field 
but it has increased the yield as much as 50 crates an acre. 
Tarnished Plant Bug on Celery 
Tarnished plant bugs which are numerous on weeds, plants and grasses, move 
into celery fields early in July. These bugs are mature at this time and start laying 
eggs. The mature bugs injure the celery plants by feeding on the outside stalk and 
leaves, commonly around the joints. This causes brown spots and patches on the 
stalks and discoloring and wilting of the leaves. The brown spots are commonly 
called the “‘sting’’ but are really where the insect has stuck in its bill or beak and 
sucked out some of the plant’s juices. The injury caused by the mature bugs is 
probably not as serious as that caused by the young ones. The mature insect lays 
its eggs in the stalk, many of them in the hearts. When the young bugs hatch out 
they are right in the heart of the celery. As they do not grow wings until some time 
after they are hatched out, they stay in the heart of the celery and cause a great 
deal of damage. The only way to prevent this injury is to keep the mature plant 
bugs from laying their eggs in the celery. There is no practical way of killing the 
tarnished plant bugs. However, hydrated lime and sulphur have been used to 
keep them off the celery and has worked quite successfully. Use fine hydrated 
lime and 300 mesh dusting sulphur mixed in equal parts. Dust early in the morn- 
ing or late in the evening when the celery is wet to obtain best results. 
BORON DEFICIENCY 
The effects of boron deficiency are brown heart in turnips, cracked stem in 
celery and ‘“‘Bronzing”’ of cauliflower. 
Ten pounds of borax per acre, applied in a spray solution will prevent celery 
stem crack. In the cauliflower sections of New York State, boron deficiency 
shown by the water soaked appearance and stain on cauliflower has been con- 
trolled by adding 5 to 15 lbs. of borax per acre to the fertilizer used. For brown 
heart in turnips and ruta baga apply 10 to 20 Ibs. of borax per acre. 
Cucumber and Melon Insects and Diseases 
Cucumber insects and diseases soon render cucumber growing unprofitable un- 
less growers are able to control them; which is not usually an easy task. Angular 
Leaf Spot and Cucumber Scab are two diseases which are fairly easily controlled 
by growing cucumbers or melons on new ground, treating the seed and spraying or 
dusting the plants with Bordeaux mixture. Wilt and Mosaic are two very serious 
diseases which are difficult to control. Mosaic lives over winter in milk weed, 
ground or husk cherry, catnip, and several other perennial weeds and is carried by 
‘the striped cucumber beetles from these weeds to the cucumbers and melons. 
Wilt lives over the winter in the digestive tract of the striped cucumber beetle and 
is carried by them to the cucumbers and melons. The beetles sometimes seriously 
injure the plants by feeding on them, but far more important than this is the fact 
that they carry and spread the two most serious diseases, Wilt and Mosaic. 
For controlling these insects and diseases: Select a field which has not grown 
cucumbers for at least four or five years. Plant only seed treated with Semesan. 
Do not allow milk weed, ground or husk cherry, or catnip to grow near the cucum- 
ber or melon field. Thoroughly spray or dust the plants as follows: 
Time Spray Dust 
As soon as the plants are 3 lbs. Calcium Arsenate 15 lbs. Gypsum 
up and at intervals of 4 8 Ibs. Hydrated Lime _ or 
to 8 days. 1-lb. Powdered Skim Milk Hydrated Lime 
50 gallons of Water 1 lb. Calcium Arsenate 
As soon as the third or Bordeaux Mixture 20-25-55 Copper Sul- 
fourth true leaf appears 4-4-50 phate, Calcium Arsen- 
and at intervals of 7 to Calcium Arsenate ate, Hydrated Lime 
10 days 3 pounds Mixture 
As Bordeaux mixture or copper lime dust causes stunting of the young plants, 
care should be used to follow the above suggestions. Do not use the Bordeaux 
Mixture or Copper Lime dust until after the third or fourth true leaves appear. 
