SMOKING AND COLLEGE STUDENTS 175 
Of BES Bimdonts .6. 2560. ea vavevne 115 or 52.0 per cent. are smokers 
OTP OG BEDIBVGR pada ese dnb teens 55 or 57.3 per cent. are smokers 
Of €6 fratermity men .....01555 49 or 74.2 per cent. are smokers 
There are more smokers among athletes and a great many more 
among fraternity men than among all students. 
Of 229 students .ccss cae. a 84 or 37.6 per cent. made varsity teams 
OE iy ‘SMmORGRS) 4. ine xs <8 47 or 41.0 per cent. made varsity teams 
Of 66 fraternity men ..... 41 or 62.1 per cent. made varsity teams 
There are more athletes among smokers and a great many more 
among fraternity men than among all students. 
Average Marks Average Marks Average failures 
at Entrance in first 2 years in first 2 years 
azo students ...... 90 per cent. 66 per cent. 7 per cent. 
Ts smokers’ ...5 0. 89 per cent. 62 per cent. 10 per cent. 
84 athletes ....... 90 per cent. 63.2 per cent. 8.4 per cent. 
66 fraternity men 85.4 per cent. 59.1 per cent. 12.8 per cent. 
Smokers, athletes and fraternity men have lower scholarship records 
than other students. 
There is some definite relation existing between smoking, partici- 
pation in athletics, membership in college fraternities and low scholar- 
ship. These relations indicate that the factor of smoking can not be 
isolated from other related factors which may account for differences in 
age and scholarship. It is very clear, however, that students who use 
tobacco invariably rank lower in scholarship than students who do not 
smoke. 
Those who are conversant with present conditions in American col- 
leges, recognize two distinct types of students. President Butler, in 
his annual report for 1908-09, devotes several pages to a discussion of 
this subject; among other things he says: 
Not so many years ago there were few boys who went to college without a 
serious, definite purpose more or less scholarly in character. They were looking 
forward to the ministry, to teaching or to the practise of law or medicine. 
Not many of them had in mind a career as merchant, financier or corporation 
official. With the lapse of time and the increasing wealth of this country, this 
condition has been very much changed. It is now fashionable to go to college, 
at least to some colleges, and the attractions of college life and companionship 
are powerful motives in leading young men to strive to surmount the barrier 
of college admission. This new type of college student, whether he knows it or 
not, goes to college primarily for a social, not for an intellectual, purpose. His 
wish is to share in the attractive associations of an American college; he desires 
to participate in athletic sports; he hopes in after life to mingle freely and on 
terms of equality with college-bred men. It is a good thing that boys of this 
type should go to college, provided that the college will recognize their exist- 
ence as a type and will deal with them accordingly. To try to turn such men 
into scholars is a hopeless task. They are not fitted for high scholarship and 
they do not desire it. 
