MEMBERS OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES 291 
Sciences are not easily grouped, since many are closely connected. 
An approximate grouping of Table I. gives: geology, 20; zoology, 15; 
astronomy, 15; physics, 14; chemistry, 13; physiology, 10; botany, 7; 
miscellaneous, 11. Class A gives: geology, 7; zoology, 6; astronomy, 
3; physics, 3; chemistry, 1; botany, 1. Table IT. gives: astronomy, 9; 
physics, 7; chemistry, 7; geology, 6; botany, 5; zoology, 3; physiology, 
3; miscellaneous, 6. The large number of geologists and zoologists in 
Table I., and especially in class A, is remarkable, and the reversion of 
this condition in Table II. Of the 20 geologists in Table I. there is 
only 1 mineralogist, while in Table IT., of 6 geologists, there are 4 min- 
eralogists. Table I. contains but 1 mathematician, while Table II. 
contains 4, 
Important conclusions may be drawn from the order of election, but 
the discussion is beset with unusual difficulties, A society which chose 
members who were later elected into all the other societies would dis- 
play remarkable skill. In class A, the number of members first elected 
by the four societies ig 2, 10, 8 and 1, respectively. But it is much 
easier to become a resident than an associate, and 13 members were 
elected as residents of the American Academy, and 2 of the New York 
Academy. Omitting these, the numbers become 3, 0, 13 and B, 
Accordingly, the New York Academy appears to have shown extraor- 
dinary skill in selecting early, men of such ability that later they were 
chosen by all the other societies. This result is confirmed by the eight 
foreigners who are members of all four socicties. Four of these were 
first elected by the New York Academy, in two cases before they were 
elected by either of the seven leading European societies. The last col- 
umn of Table II. shows that 32 men are members both of the European 
and American societies; of these, 23 were first elected by a European 
society, 6 by an American Society and 3 in the same year by both. 
Of the 9 in the last two classes, 6 were chosen first by the American 
Academy. 
The numbers elected in the different societies, during the last ten 
years, differ greatly. Thus, for associates, we have from 1901 to 1905, 
26, 15, 0 and 20, and for 1906 to 1910, 17,1,1and13. For honorary 
members no such differences occur, the numbers for 1901 to 1905 being 
8, 11, 9 and 12, and for 1906 to LI, 11, 5, 3 and. 9. Only 2 honorary 
members were elected into the National Academy before 1896, both in 
1883. In the New York Academy, 11 associates were elected in 186. 
Of course all of these numbers relate only to the selected lists contained 
in Tables I. and II. 
