348 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 
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Fie. 4. SHOWING ABSOLUTE SEGREGATION IN SECOND HYBRID GENDRATION. These 
red and white ears grew from a single self-pollinated ear of the first hybrid genera- 
tion of a cross between red and white maize. 
A. D. Shamel, of the United States Department of Agriculture, crossed 
these two types. A new type called the Halladay has been produced 
with the higher number of leaves of the Cuban parent and the stocky 
habit of growth and large leaves of the Havana parent. The first inter- 
pretation of this result was that an entirely new variation had appeared, 
for the Cuban type usually has but twenty-two or twenty-three leaves. 
The writer has been able to show, however, that the actual strain of the 
Cuban used as the parent of the cross has on the average twenty-six 
leaves, and data have now been collected that show that the new variety 
is a simple recombination of the characters possessed by the two parents 
giving an out-door type averaging thirty per cent. greater yield than 
the old Havana strain. In a similar way Biffen has produced a rust 
resistant high-yielding wheat by crossing two varieties each of which 
possessed but one of these desirable qualities. Orton has combined the 
edible quality of the watermelon with the wilt resistance of the citron, 
and Webber has increased the ability of the orange to resist cold by 
crossing with the hardy trifoliate orange. 
Recent accurately controlled investigations in hybridization have 
shown that many apparently complex results yield to simple explana- 
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Fic. 5. Rep MAizp HAR WITH PHPRICARP REMOVED, showing segregation of yellow and 
white endosperm beneath it. 
