34 HENRY LEUTHARDT NURSERY 

Important! 
Pruning Espalier Trees every year is essentially impo.tant and 
it is the main key in obtaining successtul results. Pruning avoids 
excess wood, helps one to enjoy picking a larger and far superior 
crop or truit every year and brings out the symmetrical pattern 
ot the Espalier Tree. When an rspalier ‘'ree makes too mucn 
wood, not only is the beauty and ettectiveness of the Espalier lost, 
but the fruit crop will result in a scanty yield, it any at all. 
Leaders or Arms are the main branches or skeleton or the 
Espalier ‘l'ree which gives the tree its symmetrical pattern. 
Side shoots are the twigs which develop along the main lead- 
ers Or arms. 
The Elbow is that part of the leader or arm which forms 
the curve. 
A Bearing Spur is a small round swollen-like bud usually sur- 
rounded by a cluster of leaves, wh.ch eventually foims the fruit. 
1. Use 8-inch galvanized spikes for stone, brick, or cement 
walls, allowing 6 inches to protiude from the wall. Use a star 
drill to avoid wall damage. 
2. Use flanges for wooden or clapboard walls to prevent 
splitting. Flanges are 6-inch long pipes, 1-inch in diameter, fast- 
ened to the wall by means of screws. [hese may be painted to 
match the wall. 
3. Use galvanized number 10 wire for best results. 
4. Turnbuckles are used when the wre is loose and needs 
to be tightened for firm plantings. 
5. Hook nails are used to tasten wire to any kind of wood- 
en posts for neatest eftect. Use 3-1nch cedar posts of whatever: 
lengths necessary. 
6. tor longer last, all posts inserted in the ground should be 
painted with creosote. 
7. The wire, spikes, turnbuckles, hook nails, etc., can be 
purchased at any hardware store. Flanges can be obtained at 
any plumb.ng supply company. Cedar posis may be obtained at 
a lumber mill. : 
Number of spikes 
Type of Espalier or flanges required 
single: De Forme se. mh A a Bi. 4 
PourdeArmed: 2-1-2 sett onan ne teen 6 
Dix: Armed Me See tee eee a SE 8 
at 

ee 
Ilenry Leuthardt tending an Espalier—All photos shown in catalog 
taken om different clients’ estates. 



