- SOIL BUILDING LEGUMES AND COVER CROPS 
AUSTRIAN WINTER PEAS get most of their 
Austrian Winter Peas takes out of the air as m 
AUSTRIAN WINTER PEAS are winter har 
tion of organic matter and nitrogen to the soil. 
Austrian Winter Peas 
: (Pisum Arvense) 
Inoculate Seed With Nitragin ’C” 
Maintaining soil fertility is one of the farmer's most per- 
plexing problems. This wonderful pea makes a heavy vine 
growth that will decay rapidly when plowed under. This 
same soil is then in shape for planting cotton or corn, and the 
increased yield on such crops following the growing of a 
crop of Austrian Winter Peas will surprise you. 
This great Pea is closely related to the garden pea. On 
fertile soil the vines will reach a length of five feet or more, 
the bloom being reddish purple, resembling the sweet pea. 
As a soil building crop, its points of superiority over other 
winter legumes are that it makes a much heavier tonnage 
of growth per acre, thus giving a large amount of organic 
matter to turn under in the spring. 
- Nicholson's Austrian Winter Peas should be plowed under 
} : two or three weeks before a succeeding crop is to be planted. 
a) The vines decay very rapidly and in this manner you get the 
maximum benefit as a green manure crop. The nitrogen 
stored in your soil in this manner is equivalent to 200 to 300 
er ,pounds of Nitrate of Soda per acre and your succeeding crop 
will increase in yield. 
A heavy tonnage of hay can be obtained where the peas 
are planted with oats, the oats acting as a support for the 
peas and seem to encourage their growth. The peas and oats 
can be cut in the spring and make dandy feed. 
iv Cattle, sheep, mules and hogs will graze on a field of 
Austrian Peas and enjoy it. These peas are rich in food value. 
The most economical manner is to plant Austrian peas in 
aes rows. In doing this, one should plant in three-foot rows such 
j _ as in planting corn, then turn back and plant between the 
rows, this giving you 18-inch rows when finished. It requires 
only 30 pounds to plant an acre in this way. 
If wanted for pasture or hay, sow broadcast, 60 pounds to 
sy the acre; also 60 pounds to the acre when sown with an 
os ordinary grain drill. 
. If you desire to sow with small grain such as oats, we 
i suggest sowing one or two bushels of oats to the acre about 
as deep as the drill put the oats, and then plant back over 
the oats with the peas at the rate of 30 to 40 pounds to the 
acre, putting the peas just deep enough to cover good, with- 
out disturbing the oats. 
‘i | Vetches 
TInoculate Seed With Nitragin "C” 


nitrogen from the air. Legumes are the farmers’ nitrogen factories and a good crop of 
uch nitrogen as there is in 600 to 800 pounds of nitrate of soda. 
dy, make early growth, provide winter grazing, prevent erosion, make a large contribu- 

AUSTRIAN WINTER PEAS 

IMPROVE YOUR SOILS WITH LEGUMES 

Canada Field Peas 
Vetches planted with Nicholson’s Austrian 
Winter Peas and oats make an excellent com- 
bination of feed for milch cows. Sow in fall 
or early spring. Vetch is a splendid forage 
plant. This annual winter legume has been 
growing greatly in favor with. the farmers and 
dairymen of the South. Vetch is very hardy 
and is a most valuable winter cover crop. 
Vetch grows best when sown with grain, such 
as oats. Sow 50 pounds Vetch with 30 pounds 
of oats to the acre. The oats will act as a sup- 
port to the Vetch. We strongly recommend the 
planting of this wonderful soil-building plant. 
Common Vetch 
(Vicia Sativa) 
Common Vetch is less widely grown in the 
South than Hairy Vetch, possibly because it is 
less hardy. 













for your expense and trouble. - 
these crops—every fall. 
ROBERT NICHOLSON SEED CO. 
Hairy Winter Vetch 
(Vicia Villosa) 
This most popular variety is partly mis- 
named, as a large portion of the plants pro- 
duced are smooth instead of hairy. 
Hairy Vetch is well adapted as a winter 
crop in the South to grow in rotation with 
other crops. This variety is often planted on 
Johnson grass land in the fall; following its 
harvest, two or three crops of Johnson Grass 
hay are usually cut. If planted early in the 
fall, it will cover the ground before frost and 
make a valuable winter forage crop. 
Purple Vetch 
(Vicia Atropurpurea) 
The most rapt@ grower of the four Vetches 
we handle. On trial at our test farm, Purple 
Vetch made double the growth of the other 
varieties in the early stages. It resembles the 
Hairy Vetch, having a purple bloom. Makes 
good winter pasture, hay in the spring or a 
wonderful green manure crop to plow under 
in the spring. 
‘—21— 
(Pisum Sativum Arvense) 
Inoculate Seed With Nitragin “C” 
They can be planted in North Texas during 
the months of September and October, and will 
stand our winters where the weather is not 
very severe. In Central and South Texas they 
do nicely planted in the fall. They also do well 
planted in the early spring—in February and 
March. 
Canada Peas improve the soil by gathering 
and storing nitrogen. They yield heavy crops 
that may be either grazed or made into hay 
that stock eat greedily and thrive on. They 
grow four to six feet high, but can be grazed 
when six to ten inches high. Pasturing the pea 
makes them stool out better. It is a good idea 
when sowing the peas to mix a bushel of oats, 
barley, or wheat, with 50 pounds of peas per 
acre. This makes a fine mixture and makes 
good hay. If sown alone, sow about 75 pounds 
per acre, broadcast. A crop of this kind is 
splendid to plow under for green manure. 
They are also used as a table pea and are 
only excelled by the English Pea. 
eee SST 
FERTILIZE YOUR SOIL WITH COVER CROPS 
Cover crops are one of the most profitable methods used to replenish plant foods in the soil... with rather quick returns 

In driving through the country you will notice many abandoned farms; in many instances these are but. examples— 
farms that have produced crops year after year with no effort to replace the plant food. 
Many farmers do not realize that every crop taken off their land carries with it plant food from the soil. Unless’ some 
method of returning this plant food is practiced, the supply gradually diminishes until the land can no longer supply the 
required food and the crop yield grows smaller and smaller, finally resulting in complete crop failure. 
Cover crops furnish pasture through the winter months and give a cutting of hay in the spring, or provide a green manure 
crop to plow under before the spring planting of field crops. 
Alfalfa, Clovers, Vetches and Nicholson’s Austrian Winter Peas, described in this catalog, are legumes that take nitrogen 
from the air and store it in the soil. Nitrogen is the most valuable of the plant foods. 
Not only do cover crops put nitrogen in the soil, but are almost equally as valuable, 
the humus they contribute. Humus will tighten up loose sand soils or loosen up tight sticky land. 
There is no reason for farm lands to remain idle through the winter months. Eve 
especially to tight, close soils, for 
ry farmer should plant one or more of 
“DALLAS, TEXAS 
