606 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
EDENTATA 
MANIDAE Scaly Anteaters 
Phataginus tricuspis (Rafinesque). Pointed-scaled Pangolin 
Manis tricuspis Rafinesque, Ann. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles, vol. 7, p. 214, 1821: West Africa. 
A long-tailed pangolin in which the scales are small, numerous, and with the end of each more 
or less three-pointed. West Africa. 
A native-made skin bought at Sinoe was the only one we secured. Biittikofer, 
however, and his associates procured others at Buluma, Schieffelinsville, Hill 
Town, and on the Farmington River, so no doubt it is generally distributed over 
the forested region. Indeed, Biittikofer says it is often kept alive in the native 
houses, and allowed to run freely for it feeds on ants and noxious insects and so 
is highly beneficial in a country so plagued with ants. It is a ready climber and 
at least in part of arboreal habits. 
Uromanis longicaudatus (Brisson). Long-tailed Manis 
Pholidotus longicaudatus Brisson, Regnum Animale, p. 19, 1762: (probably West Africa). 
Tail very long, scales blackish and orange yellow, those at the shoulders much enlarged. West 
Africa. 
Pocock has recently reviewed the pangolins and regards the longer-tailed 
species as generically distinct from the others. A pangolin of this species was 
brought to us alive at Lenga Town on the Farmington River and was kept alive 
for a few days. At first it was very shy, remaining curled up most of the day, 
with its long tail wrapped tightly over the body like a watch-spring. It later 
relaxed, but would resume its coiled condition on the slightest alarm, and such 
was its strength that considerable force was necessary to uncoil its tail a little. 
After a few days it would uncoil and stand in its cage on all fours or sit erect 
using its tail as a third leg of a tripod. Another one we had brought in at 
Paiata was tied by its tail to a rafter of our hut, but escaped during the night. 
Bittikofer secured specimens from Soforé Place, Hill Town, and the vicinity of 
Farmington River. He says it is an active and rapid climber, and is often found 
rolled up as if asleep in the forks or hollows of trees. One he kept alive at the 
first-named place was fed on termites from the peculiar mushroom-like nests 
found in the forest. It would climb to the roof and search there for house ter- 
mites as well. 
Smutsia gigantea (Illiger). Giant Scaly Anteater or Pangolin 
Manis gigantea Illiger, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 84, 1815. 
Size very large, tail about as long as body. 
Pocock regards this and the smaller Temminck’s Pangolin of South and East 
Africa as constituting a genus distinct from the arboreal pangolins of Africa. 
It is large, as shown by the following measurements of a record male which we 
obtained from the natives at Paiata: total length 1710 mm., tail 830, tongue 
