852 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
only common blood-sucking flies in the coffee-growing belt of Guatemala, be- 
tween the altitudes of 600 m. and 1,200 m., where the worm is prevalent in 
man.! In this case, however, Calder6n’s more recent work rather seems to in- 
criminate a species of Culex as the transmittor.” 
The hypothesis propounded at one time by Sambon and others, that there 
might be some causal connection between pellagra and the bites of Simuliidae, 
has now been completely discarded.* Likewise there is no proof and but little 
probability that black-flies act as the vectors of certain forms of cutaneous 
leishmaniasis. 
Only two species of Simuliidae have been definitely recorded thus far from the 
Belgian Congo: Eusimuliwm damnosum (Theobald) and Husimulium dentulosum 
(Roubaud) (1915, Bull. Soc. Ent. France, p. 294, figs. 1-2; 2; Butagu Valley, 
on the western slope of Mt. Ruwenzori, at 2,000 m.; known also from Mt. 
Kenya and Mt. Elgon); but very likely others will be found there. Newstead, 
Dutton and Todd (1907, Ann. Trop. Med. Paras., I, p. 36) list an undetermined 
species from Leopoldville, M’swata and Batikalela, which, they say, bites freely 
and when crushed emits a peculiar ‘‘bedbug-like”’ odor. 
Eusimulium damnosum (Theobald) 
Text Figure No. 4 
Simulium damnosum Theobald, 1903, Repts. Sleeping Sickness Comm. Roy. Soc., No. III, p. 40 
(sex not given, but evidently 9; Region of Jinja, Uganda, on the right bank of the Nile). 
Austen, 1906, Second Rept. Wellcome Res. Labor. Khartoum, p. 52. Roubaud, 1906, Bull. 
Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, XII, p. 140 ( ¢); 1907, C. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, CXLIV, p. 716 (larva and 
pupa supposedly of this species). Newstead, Dutton and Todd, 1907, Ann. Trop. Med. Paras., 
I, p. 36. H. H. King, 1909, Third Rept. Wellcome Res. Labor. Khartoum, (1908), p. 208, 
Pl. XXIII, figs. 3, 5, and 7 ( 9, larva and pupa). Austen, 1909, Illustr. African Blood- 
Suck. Flies, p. 26, Pl. I, fig. 6 (9). H. H. King, 1911, Fourth Rept. Wellcome Res. Labor. 
Khartoum, vol. B, p. 125, Pl. VI, fig. 8( 9). Pomeroy, 1920, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) VI, 
p. 79, Pl. III, fig. 4 and Pl. IV, fig. 5 ( and pupa). Jojot, 1921, Ann. Méd. Pharm. Colon., 
XIX, p. 426. Hannington, 1922, Nigeria Ann. Med. Sanit. Rept. (1919-1921), p. 33. Black- 
lock, 1926, Ann. Trop. Med. Paras., XX, pp. 11 and 203, Pl. XIX. Connal, 1926, Nigeria 
Ann. Med. Sanit. Rept. (1925), App. A. Schouteden, 1927, Rev. Zool. Afric., XV, 2, p. [14]. 
J. Schwetz, 1927, Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. Paris, XX, p. 190. 
Edwardsellum damnosum Enderlein, 1921, Zoolog. Anzeiger, LIII, pp. 45 and 46; 1922, Sitzungsber. 
Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin, (1921), p. 80. 
Melusina damnosa J. Bequaert, 1913, Rev. Zool. Afric., III, 1, p. 12. 
Liperia: — Kaka Town, August 18, 1926. Gbanga, September 1926. Moy- 
lakwelli, October 27, 1926. Moala, October 31, 1926. Kassata, September 29, 
1926. Bakratown, September 30, 1926. 
BrLaian Conao. — Matadi, December 4, 1926. Leopoldville, December 
1926. On the Uele River, between Bambili and Angu (J. Rodhain). Former 
1 Robles, R. 1919. ‘Onchocercose au Guatemala, produisant la cécité et I’ ‘“érysipéle du littoral” ’ 
Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. Paris, XII, pp. 442-463. 
2 Calderén, V. M. 1920. ‘Contribucién al estudio del fildérido Onchocerca sp. Dr. Robles, 1915, 
y de las enfermedades que produce.’ (Guatemala), 107 pp. 
’ Sambon, L. W. 1910. ‘Progress report on the investigation of pellagra.’ Jl. Trop. Med. Hyg., 
XIII, pp. 271-282, 287-300, 305-314, 309-321. (Simuliwm theory, pp. 290-291). : 
