978 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
of a vertebrate. These insects feed by cutting through the epidermis of their 
victim by means of the powerful teeth at the end of the tubular extension of the 
proboscis, and then sucking up the blood in the ordinary way (Austen). 
Only one of the four genera is known from Africa. 
Philaematomyia Austen 
Philaematomyia Austen, 1909, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), III, p. 295. Monotypie for Philaema- 
tomyia insignis Austen, 1909 = Musca crassirostris Stein, 1903. 
Philaematomyia crassirostris (Stein) 
Musca crassirostris Stein, 1903, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, IT, Heft 3, p. 99 ( 2; Luxor, Cairo and 
Assuan, Egypt); 1909, Tijdschr. v. Entom., LII, p. 211 ( ¢ @); 1918, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hun- 
garici, XVI, pp. 148 and 166. Patton, 1925, Philippine JI. Sci., XX VII, p. 199. 
Philaematomyia crassirostris Austen, 1921, Bull. Ent. Res., XII, p. 120. Bezzi, 1921, Ann. Trop. 
Med. Paras., XIV, pp. 336 and 337. 
Musca modesta de Meijere, 1904, Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, XVIII, p. 106 ( 9%; Pasuruan, 
Java). 
Philaematomyia insignis Austen, 1909, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8) II, p. 298, figs. I—III (9 3; 
described from several localities in India, Ceylon, Sokotra, Cyprus, Senegal, and the Belgian 
Congo; the holotype and allotype from India). 
This species has been taken at Zambi, Belgian Congo, by Dutton, Todd, and 
Christy (see Austen, 1909, ‘Illustr. African Blood-Suck. Flies,’ p. 140). It 
appears to be very widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical parts of 
the Old World. 
SUBFAMILY STOMOXYDINAE 
The Stomoxydinae contain most of the true blood-sucking muscid flies, with 
the exception of the tsetse-flies (Glossina). They are essentially a group of the 
Old World tropics, where they are represented by several genera and many 
species. Two of its members, however, Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus) and 
Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus), have been spread by man far beyond their 
original range and are tending to become cosmopolitan. 
Excellent characterizations of the subfamily have been given by Bezzi (1911, 
Arch. de Parasitologie, XV, p. 120) and more recently by Malloch (1928, Ann. 
Mag. Nat. Hist., (10) II, p. 316). Malloch states that it is readily separable 
from the other subfamilies of Muscidae “‘by the structure of the proboscis, 
which is heavily chitinized and rigid, swollen at base, gradually tapered from 
basal swelling to apex, and without fleshy apical labella. The palpi may be 
much shorter than the proboscis or almost as long as it, and the arista may be 
furnished with long hairs only on the upper side, or have additional shorter 
hairs below. The fourth wing vein is always curved forward at apex, but never 
angularly bent, and the lower calypter is much larger than the upper, narrowly 
rounded at apex, and well separated from scutellum at base on inner side. All 
1 Malloch has recently described a Bdellolarynx fravicornis from Surinam. There is also a Haematobia 
alcis Snow supposedly peculiar to North America; but according to Aldrich (1930, Proc. Ent. Soe. 
Washington, XXXII, p. 28), this might be identical with Bdellolarynx (Lyperosiops) stimulans (Meigen), 
of Europe. 
