992 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
of course, of considerable practical importance since it is one of the greatest 
economic assets of that territory. 
As is often the case with insects that have a very wide distribution, G. 
palpalis exhibits much individual variation. Since these insects have been 
collected by very many people in innumerable specimens, such variations have 
not failed to attract attention. I have included in the above synonymy the sev- 
eral names which have been proposed for some of these forms. It is doubtful 
whether any of them are sufficiently distinct to be worthy of recognition, except 
as varieties, as none of them appear to be geographically segregated. 
One of the best recognizable of these forms is the small var. pallida Simp- 
son, of the forest galleries in the savanna country of the Northern Territories 
of the Gold Coast.1 At the other extreme of the range, in Benguela, one also 
finds a smaller form, var. wellmani Austen (bocaget Franga), but in this case 
the gray markings show a decided tendency to disappear. The var. fuscipes 
Newstead differs, according to Newstead, slightly in the structure of the male 
genitalia. It is sometimes stated to be the form of Uganda, that is of the east- 
ern part of the general range of the species. Newstead, however, synony- 
mizes with it G. ziemanni Grinberg, of Cameroon, which cannot well be regarded 
as “eastern.” In this connection it must be kept in mind that the type lo- 
cality of G. palpalis was the Congo. 
Glossina pallicera Bigot 
Glossina pallicera Bigot, 1891, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, LX, p. 378 (described as ?, but actually a 
@; Assinie, Ivory Coast). Austen, 1903, ‘Monograph of the Tsetse-flies,’ p. 79, Pl. IL( 2° #). 
Hegh, 1929, ‘Les Tsé-tsés,’ I, pp. 257 and 375, Pl. IV ( 2”). 
Liperia. — Betala, October 13, 1926. Reppo’s Town, September 1926. 
Banga, October 1926. Kaka Town, August 20, 1926. Bomboma near Moala, 
October 31, 1926. According to Dr. Bouet, this species also occurs in the region 
of the Mt. Barclay Plantation. 
Newstead, Evans and Potts (1924, Liverpool School Trop. Med., Memoir, 
N.8., No. 1, p. 162) record this species from Tappoima, Liberia. It is a West 
African tsetse-fly, chiefly found in Upper Guinea (from Sierra Leone to Cam- 
eroon). Outside of this range there are a few isolated records from the Belgian 
Congo: Sankuru River, between Pania Mutombo and Lusambo; Mbila near 
Kisengwa; Uele Region; and Zambo (a locality unknown to me). It seems 
to me that these Congo records need confirmation. They may perhaps have 
been based upon immature specimens of some other species of Glossina or upon 
examples, the antennae of which were accidentally discolored by some pre- 
servative. 
The habits of G. pallicera are very different from those of G. palpalis. It 
is essentially a species of the dense, primary rain forest, but it is by no means 
partial to water courses. In Liberia it is usually met with along the narrow, 
1 If Simpson’s var. pallida is worthy of recognition in nomenclature, it will have to be renamed, 
since the name is preoccupied in the genus by the earlier Glossina morsitans var. pallida Shircore, 1913, 
Bull. Ent. Res., IV, p. 89. 
