996 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
bored a different race of Pediculus. Fahrenholz! has gone to the extreme 
of recognizing as many as seven distinct subspecies, four of body lice and three 
of head lice; he even claims that the body louse of the Japanese is subspecifi- 
cally distinct from that of the Chinese. 
A recent paper by Ewing appears to be somewhat of a compromise between 
the two extreme opinions.2. This author concludes that the forms of head lice 
infesting man are apparently largely hybrid races, the pure strains of which 
were originally found on the white, black, red, and yellow races of man living 
in their original geographical ranges. The pure races of these head lice should 
be regarded as distinct varieties, for they differ in definite morphological char- 
acters. No evidence was procured that the different primary races of man- 
kind each harbored a different variety of body louse as well. Ewing gives 
characters to separate the head-lice of Caucasians, Mongolians, and American 
Indians. He also uses the subspecific name, nigritarwm Fabricius, for the body 
louse of the African negro, but gives no characters to distinguish it from the 
body louse of Caucasians. 
HAEMATOPINIDAE 
Polyplax spinulosa (Burmeister) 
Pediculus spinulosus Burmeister, 1838, ‘Genera Insectorum,’ I, Rhynchota, Pediculina, No. 8 
(no sex; off Rattus decumanus, without locality). 
Polyplax spinulosa Enderlein 1904, Zoolog. Anzeiger, XXVIII, p. 142; 1905, loc. cit., X XIX, p. 192, 
figs. 1-4 ( 9 0, larva). 
Haematopinus (Polyplax) spinulosus Neumann, 1910, Arch. de Parasitologie, XIII, p, 526, fig. 2 
(9). 
Pediculus denticulatus Nitzsch, 1864, Zeitschr. Ges. Naturw., XXIII, p. 24 (no sex; off Rattus 
decumanus, Germany ). 
Liseria. — Gbhanga, off gray house rat, Rattus rattus alexandrinus (Geof- 
froy), September 22, 1926. 
This species is a common parasite of Rattus norwegicus (Erxleben) (decu- 
manus), R. rattus alecandrinus, and Apodemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus). 
Polyplax reclinata (Nitzsch) 
Pediculus reclinatus Nitzsch, 1864, Zeitschr. Ges. Naturw., XXIII, p. 23 (no sex; off Sorex araneus, 
Germany). 
Polyplax reclinata Enderlein, 1904, Zoolog. Anzeiger, XXVIII, p. 142. 
Haematopinus (Polyplax) spiniger reclinatus Neumann, 1910, Arch. de Parasitologie, XIII, p. 524. 
Bruc1an Coneo.— Bumba, off a shrew, Scutisorex congicus Thomas, 
December 31, 1926. 
1 Fahrenholz, H. 1916. ‘Zur Nomenklatur einiger Anopluren-Arten.’ Zoolog. Anzeiger, XLVII, 
pp. 269-272. (Also 1916, loc. cit.. XLVIII, pp. 87-93). 
2 Ewing, H. E. 1926. ‘A revision of the American lice of the genus Pediculus, together with a con- 
sideration of the significance of their geographical and host distribution.’ Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., LX VIII, 
Art. 19, pp. 1-30, Pls. I-III. 
