HORMODENDRUM INFECTION 345 
with bacteria. However, in the tube of Sabourraud’s medium, where the colonies 
were more or less isolated though not entirely so, mycelial elements and spores 
were numerous although mixed with bacteria. The colonies on this media were 
of different color, some dark reddish-brown, others with a brownish-green tinge. 
A diphtheroid bacillus was present in the former, while in the latter colonies 
mycelial elements were numerous. 
Microscopical examination of moist preparations from these showed a my- 
celium consisting of elongated, undulating, septate threads, measuring 3 to 4u 
in diameter. The hyphae were dendritic, sometimes anastomosing. The conidio- 
phores often showed binary branching. Each branch, however, might consist of 
only a single cell, or in other instances of two or three articulated cells. These 
cells were not swollen at the extremity but were cylindrical or ovoid. At the end 
of the conidiophore were 1 to 3 small protrusions about lu in height, resembling 
short sterigmata. By means of these protrusions the conidiophore was joined to 
the conidia. The latter were round or oval, and from 2.5 to 6yu in their greatest 
diameter. They apparently constituted blastospores and were capable of budding. 
Many single cells, 8 to 124 in length and 3 to 4u in width, resembling conidio- 
phores which had been disassociated, were present, as well as rounded clusters of 
blastospores. Large numbers of single, rounded, or budding blastospores were 
also present, indicating their caducous character. 
From these characteristics the fungus apparently belongs in the genus Hormo- 
dendrum Bonord, 1851. It was not possible to isolate it in pure culture, and it 
was rapidly overgrown by the bacteria and could not be again recovered. It 
was also not practicable to make any animal inoculations with the culture. 
Castellani! and DaFonseca, Area Leao and Nogueira Penido ? have recently 
reviewed the literature regarding the genus Hormodendrum and its relationship 
to Cladosporium. DaFonseca and his associates have also made the most com- 
plete study of the genus that has been carried out, and they have isolated a new 
species Hormodendrum langeroni from an ulcero-nodular form of mycosis ob- 
served in Brazil. In this patient the lesions were situated on the right forearm 
and arm, arranged along a line running from the posterior surface of the hand 
to the middle of the anterior surface of the arm. The ulcers were covered by 
granulation tissue and yellowish scabs. The culture of the fungus obtained 
showed colonies, at first greenish and later becoming darker and almost black. 
The mycelium was formed of elongated septate branched hyphae. The conidio- 
phores were erect and branched or unbranched, and the branches were formed 
of single cells or of several articulated cells. The vegetative hyphae were 2 to 
4.5u in diameter; intermediate cells 7 to 12 by 3 to 4u; the conidia 2.5 to 6 by 
2.5 to 1l4u. 
Hormodendrum langeroni is morphologically related to Hormodendrum fon- 
toynonti, Langeron, 1913. The latter species was found by Fontoynont and Carou- 
geau in a dermatitis called hodi potsy in Madagascar. Still another species, 
1 Castellani: ‘‘Fungi and Fungous Diseases,’ reprinted from Arch. Derm. and Syph. (1927), 
pp. 388, 571, 714; (1928), pp. 61, 194, 350. 
2 DaFonseca, Area Leao, Nogueira Penido: reprinted from Sciencia Medica (1927), \ 
