XXVII 
ANIMAL PARASITIC INFECTIONS 
IT was a routine procedure during the Expedition to perform a necropsy upon 
all animals collected either for zoological purposes, or museum specimens, and 
upon all wild game shot for food. As a result a number of interesting para- 
sitie infections were encountered, some of which have not previously been 
described. The following observations are based upon the necropsies per- 
formed and the subsequent study of material thus obtained. 
HAEMATOZOA 
Monkeys, Cercopithecus, Colobus. A number of parasitic infections were 
observed in monkeys. Haematozoa were found both in Liberia and in the 
Belgian Congo, in Cercopithecus diana, C. nictitans, and in the red Colobus 
rufomitratus monkey. These parasites have been particularly studied by 
Theiler and are described and illustrated in Chapter XXX, No. 400 (Figs. 
1-13). Many species of monkeys have been found to be susceptible to infection 
with malarial parasites and Macfie ' has recently emphasized the fact that there 
is definite evidence that such infections may cause serious illness or even result 
in the death of the host. 
Many of the descriptions and illustrations of the various malarial para- 
sites of primates that have been published, and the collected studies of them 
by Doflein ? and Wenyon ? show that there is a very striking resemblance be- 
tween such plasmodia of human beings and of monkeys. At least ten species 
of malarial parasites have been reported to occur in monkeys. Leger? has 
described and named the most recent one Plasmodium joyeuxi n. sp. which he 
found in Cercopithecus callitrichus on the West African Coast. However, it 
is questionable how many of these are distinct species. Certain of the parasites 
in monkeys resemble so closely those that occur in man that they are morpho- 
logically indistinguishable. Thus, as Hegner’® points out, Plasmodium kochi is 
similar to P. vivax, the tertian parasite of man, both in the structure of the vari- 
ous stages and in the length of the asexual cycle (48 hours). Other so-called 
species that resemble P. vivax are P. inui (Halberstadter and Prowazek, 1907) 
and P. cynomolg: (Mayer, 1908) from Macacus monkeys: P. bouilliezi (Leger, 
1922) from Cercopithecus campbelli: P. semnopithect (Knowles, 1919) from Semno- 
pithecus entellus: and P. pithecr (Halberstadter and Prowazek, 1907) from the 
orang. P. brasilianum recorded by Gonder and Gossler (1908) from a Brazilian 
1 Macfie: Proc. Royal Soc. Med., Sec. Trop. Dis. (1928), X XI, 467. 
2 Doflein: “Lehrbuch der Protozoenkunde” (1911), p. 791. 
® Wenyon: ‘‘Protozoology” (1926), II, 970. 
4 Leger: Ann. Inst. Pasteur (1928), XLII, 770. 
Hegner: Quarterly Review Biology (1928), III, 237. 
412 
