ANIMAL PARASITIC INFECTIONS 437 
countered in the abdominal cavity attached to the mesentery or omentum, or 
upon the surface of the liver in three of the buffalo. In many instances the worms 
were more or less calcified. The peritoneum appeared otherwise normal and 
the parasite has apparently no special pathological importance. Other hosts of 
the different species of Setaria are referred to on page 455. Thwaite ! gives the 
following hosts for Setaria labiato-papillosa. 
Cattle C. simplicicornis 
Cervus elephas Capreolus caprea 
C. columbianus Erguie cobauis, . 2... eon « (in the eye) 
C. virginianus (?) Bison americanus 
C. capreolus Bos caffer 
C. rufus Tragelaphus scriptus 
C. nambi Taurotragus derbianus 
Bubalus nanus. In five buffalo of the smaller forest type (Bubalus nanus) shot 
in the glades in the Ituri Forest near New Beni, and including the marginal black, 
the pigmy black, and the marginal red buffalo, trematodes were found in very 
large numbers in the stomach or intestine of all. Although the infections were 
very severe, the sections of the intestines revealed no lesions. These amphis- 
tomes have been identified by Stunkard as Cotylophoron cotylophorum. 
In addition, in the marginal red and marginal black buffalo, nematodes about 
2.5 cm. in length and 3.4 mm. wide, were found in the first intestine. These were 
not found in the other forest buffalo or in the buffalo of the Cape type, B. caffer. 
In the pigmy black buffalo a few trematodes were found in the liver, particularly 
in the dilated bile ducts. Some half-dozen of the parasites were collected and 
preserved. The infection was apparently not severe, though the liver showed 
some areas of cloudy swelling or early fatty degeneration. The trematode from 
this buffalo has been identified by Sandground as Fasciola hepatica. Although 
this parasite gives rise to a severe and not infrequently a fatal infection in sheep, 
it is questionable whether the infections in the buffalo were sufficiently severe to 
make it of important pathological significance in this animal. A number of 
human infections with this parasite have been recorded. Croste * has recently 
reported a case in France in which the patient had anorexia, digestive disturb- 
ances, and diarrhoea, and an incision was made over the liver and into the bile 
duct for biliary obstruction. Fasciola hepatica was demonstrated in material 
from the duct. Sevenet and Champagne ? have also published upon a third case 
of infection of man in Algeria with Fasciola hepatica. They in addition refer to 
two previous cases of infection in man in Algeria with this parasite which were 
previously reported by Maury and Pelissier and Desage. In two of the cases the 
diagnosis was made from the examination and finding of the ova in the stools 
and in the third the parasites were found at an operation on the gall ducts. 
Patterson * has also described a case of human infection with Fasciola hepat- 
ica in which there were severe abdominal symptoms, colic and cough at times. 
1 Thwaite: Ann. Trop. Med. and Hyg. (1928), X XI, 427. 
2 Croste: Ann. Parasit. Humaine et Comparée (1928), VI, 321. 
3 Sevenet and Champagne: Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. (1928), X XI, 222. 
4 Patterson: Lancet (1928), p. 1291. 
