440 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
on the shores of Lake Edward, nematode infections were found in seven. In 
five animals shot in the region of Lake Edward, nematodes were present in very 
large numbers in the intestine. They were especially numerous on the surface 
of the mucous membrane and less numerous in the faecal material in the intestine. 
In two animals, only the ova of these nematodes were found. These were shot 
near the Ruchuru River. 
In one instance, trematodes were present in large numbers in the first stom- 
ach. At the time of the necropsy many ova of this trematode were already 
hatched and the miracidia were observed in the faeces. This trematode, which 
was found in a hippopotamus near Lake Edward, has been identified by Dr. Stun- 
kard as Paramphistomum gigantocotyle. Dr. Stunkard states, with reference 
to this species, that the specific description of it is somewhat confused and 
Maplestone’s statement (1923) concerning the lobulation of the testes is not en- 
tirely accurate. He further states that these organs are deeply lobed and may 
show the configuration reported by Maplestone, but not necessarily so. 
In a study of other parasitic worms collected by the American Museum of 
Natural History Expedition to the Belgian Congo, 1909-1914, Stunkard ! found 
two other species of Paramphistomum. 'The first of these, P. cervi, was present 
in the stomach of the water buck (Kobus defassa) at Garamba, in the stomach 
of the kob (Adenota kob alurae) at Faradje, and in the stomach of the reed buck 
(Redunca bohor); while the second, P. explanatum, was found in the stomach 
of the domestic cow in the Congo. 
We secured sections from several portions of the stomach of the hippopotamus 
which we shot and which contained this trematode (Paramphistomum giganto- 
cotyle). Examination of the sections shows that the mucous membrane of the 
stomach is perfectly normal. Apparently, therefore, Paramphistomum giganto- 
cotyle is without special pathological significance for the hippopotamus. 
One species of the family Paramphistomidae, Amphistomum watsoni Conyng- 
ham, 1904 (= Watsonius watsoni Stiles and Goldberger, 1910) has been reported 
inman. The patient was a negro from German West Africa who died in Northern 
Nigeria. The symptoms were persistent watery diarrhoea without blood or 
mucus. Parasites were also passed in the stools. 
Fantham, Stephens and Theobald? state that this parasite has also been 
encountered in the caecum of the monkey, Cercopithecus callitrichus (Railliet, 
Henry et Joyeux,’ 1912). 
Gastrodiscus hominis (Amphistomum hominis, Lewis & McConnell, 1876) 
which has been placed in a new genus, Gastrodiscoides, by Leiper, has also been 
found in the caecum and colon of man, as well as in the pig in the Far East. In 
Annam it is especially frequent in the pig, where apparently no special pathologi- 
cal conditions have been noted. 
The nematodes which we collected from these hippopotamuses consisted of two 
species which have been identified by Sandground. One of these is Cobboldina 
1 Stunkard: (oc, cit., p. 237. 
? Fantham, Stephens and Theobald: Loc. cit., p. 235. 
’ Brumpt: ‘‘Précis de Parasitologie”’ (1927), p. 507. 
