452 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
especially healthy. In the bush buck (T'ragelaphus scriptus) an amphistome was 
found which Stunkard identified as Cotylophoron cotylophorum. ‘This para- 
site was also encountered by us in Bos taurus and in Bubalus caffer and nanus. 
Although no trypanosomes were found in the antelopes, numerous tsetse flies 
(Glossinae) were collected from many of the animals which were shot on these 
plains and in the Ituri Forest and the southern Semliki Valley. It is usually 
stated that the most common animal host for Trypanosoma gambiense is the 
sitatunga, Tragelaphus (= Limnotragus) spekei of which naturally infected ani- 
mals have been found in earlier years by Bruce and more recently by Duke. 
Bruce also showed in one instance that the blood of the harnessed antelope, 
Tragelaphus scriptus could transmit Trypanosoma brucei to an inoculated animal. 
The three species of antelopes which have been regarded as reservoir hosts of 7’. 
rhodesiense are the water buck (Cobus ellipsiprymnus), the reed buck (Cervicapra 
arundinum), and the common duiker (Cephalophus grimmii). Wenyon ' has given 
a complete list of the game animals which may serve as reservoirs for the trypan- 
osomes of man and domestic animals in Africa and the name of the investigator 
who has made the observation concerning the animal. To what extent the wild 
game in the eastern Belgian Congo is infected with trypanosomes pathogenic 
for man evidently is not known. 
Dr. Van Hoof? of the League of Nations Commission on Human Trypano- 
somiasis, in his recent survey of the sleeping sickness situation in the southern 
Semliki Valley, travelled in the Belgian Congo from New Beni to Irumu. While 
he states that he found elephants, red buffalo, bush buck, hippopotamuses, and 
wart hogs numerous, he does not refer to the presence of trypanosomes in the 
game in this region. He points out, however, in connection with the absence 
of crocodiles in the southern part of the valley, that the game evidently plays 
a part in the biology of Glossinae, and that from this point of view, the absence 
of reptiles which elsewhere constitute a considerable item in the food of the flies, 
is an important factor. Glossinae were found to be plentiful by him and a 
number were dissected, but no flagellates were encountered. However, a number 
of cases of sleeping sickness in man were observed by Van Hoof and his associ- 
ate, in this region. ‘The trypanosomes they obtained from these cases were not 
successfully inoculated into laboratory animals, guinea pigs and monkeys. 
Weck * has made observations upon the trypanosomes that he encountered 
in wild game in the region of Rovuma River, East Africa. He found water 
buck, reed buck, bush buck, and eland (antelope) occasionally infected with try- 
panosomes. He believes that all trypanosomes of wild game which cannot 
be successfully inoculated into monkeys can be excluded as being human try- 
panosomes. He also was unable to find any trypanosome in wild game which 
he could regard as identical with the human trypanosome, 7’. rhodesiense, and 
was unable to infect monkeys by Glossina which harbored trypanosomes in 
these regions. 
1 Wenyon: ‘Protozoology” (1926), I, 510. 
2 Van Hoof: Final Report of the League of Nations International Commission on Human Trypano- 
somiasis. Geneva (1928), p. 329. * Weck: Arch. f. Schiffs-u. Tropen-Hyg. (1914), AVUIT, Use 
