062 REPORT OF THE HARVARD AFRICAN EXPEDITION 
sickness’? or gonorrhea. There are numerous lianes, among which was a new 
species described by Hutchinson and Dalziel! as Rhaphiostyles cordifolia. Con- 
tinuing through this forest we come to a stream at the edge of which Napole- 
ona leonensis grows erect to a height of eight feet. On the lower limbs of a 
leguminous tree, such orchids as Bulbophyllum maximum, B. melanorhachis(?), 
and Listrostachys pertusa, and the fern Nephrolepis biserrata live epiphytically. 
In the wet, sandy soil, where the crown of the trees have parted and allowed 
light to reach, Sauvagesia erecta, a delicate little herb, a low, straggling bush 
of Mussaenda, and the tall climbing palm, Calamus Barteri are found. In 
the shade in wet places Maschalocephalus Dinklagei grows in small numbers, 
while there is an abundance of a species of the Marantaceae. As we proceed 
along the path, the large leguminous trees become more widely separated 
and as a result the pinnate leaves make a lace-like canopy in which irregular 
designs are made by the more dense foliage of other species. Protected from 
the direct rays of the sun, the delicate little Burmannia and the leafless, white- 
flowered gentianaceous plant grow rather freely. Bushes are rather few in 
number and only two or three lianes with their stout, climbing, snake-like 
stems are visible in the open spaces beneath the taller trees. One of the lianes 
is Oxymitra gracilis. 
Leaving the beautiful forest, we enter second growth where Haronga mada- 
gascariensis is dominant over the other shrubs, although species of the Zingi- 
beraceae not infrequently make dense thickets. An occasional vine of [pomaea sp. 
that climbs over the low brush provides with its pink flowers very occasional 
bits of color, while the common climbing saw grass, Scleria is so rank that we 
have to detour around the patches. 
Eventually we reach the tall forests on the hill of our destination and there 
there are many slender bushes six to seven feet high. Among these may be 
mentioned Salacia Cailler and Olax Lindert. In the moist, rich, black soil of 
the slope there is an herbaceous species belonging to the Commelinaceae that 
is about three feet high and has yellow flowers. Daniella similis is one of 
the conspicuous trees of the hillside forest. It reaches a height of more than 
one hundred and fifty feet, and has a smooth gray columnar trunk that is not 
branched for a considerable distance above the ground. The leaves are pin- 
nate, but are obscured by the large numbers of purplish-pink flowers in panicles, 
and these make the crown one mass of color. When seen from a distance, 
the color is made all the more striking and beautiful against the background 
of dark foliage. At the top of the hill there appears to be a sorting of the species 
of the middle rank of tree, — that is, those between thirty and forty feet high, 
for two species stand out as being especially numerous. Of these Garcinia 
polyantha is the less numerous, although interesting because it produces clus- 
ters of flowers on short stems along the slender branches, and the flowers which 
are whitish, are characterized by the arrangement of the anthers in groups of 
fours. The other and more abundant species is Lingelsheimia Gilgiana. 
! Hutchinson, J. and Dalziel, J. M.: Tropical African Plants VII. Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1929: 
23. 1929. 
