CLASSIFICATION OF THE LILIES LISTED 
Lilies may be roughly classified into three main groups: 
(1) Upright or umbellatum. 
(2) Turk’s Cap or martagon. 
(3) Trumpet. 
Within each classification there is an almost endless variation in 
size, shape, color and flowering season. If we take each of the three 
in turn we shall get a somewhat clearer picture of the lilies that com- 
pose a given group. 
UPRIGHT LILIES 
L. umbellatum is typical in shape and flowering habit of most 
members of the family. It is illustrated in the pen sketch on page 34 
and in the plate opposite page 32. The colors are largely in the red, 
orange, vermillion, apricot and yellow tones. Purples, pinks and whites 
are excluded. The season starts in late May with various forms of L. 
dauricum and ends in mid-August with L. dauricum pardinum. Most 
of the orange-red umbellatum lilies are familiar but the yellows, the 
apricots and the dark reds are not quite so widely known and have a 
distinct charm. 
These lilies differ from all others in their stature and height, 
rarely attaining 3% feet while many are as dwarf as eight inches. 
The combination of the height with the broad brilliantly colored up- 
right blooms makes them extraordinarily effective for mass planting 
either in the herbaceous border or against shrubbery. 
MARTAGON LILIES 
Turk’s Cap lilies are illustrated in the pen drawing on page 34 
and in the plates of L. amabile, L. Martagon album, and L. superbum 
Norman Henry. They all have pendant flowers more or less recurved, 
tend to grow in clumps and have a rather slender wiry stem. They run 
the entire gamut of color from the pure white and pale pinks through 
the various yellows, the orange reds, the vermillions, the scarlets, the 
deep reds; through the lovely orchid tones of L. cernuum to the deep 
purple, almost black, of L. Martagon Cattaniae. The season starts 
in May with the eighteen inch L. tenuifolium and closes with a five 
foot form of L. speciosum in October. 
TRUMPET LILIES 
The trumpet lilies are a group unto themselves. Here too there 
is considerable variation in color, size and flowering period. 
When one thinks of lilies the dazzling display given by the great 
group of white trumpets comes first to mind. There are a number of 
these and they are deservedly popular. Some of them should be in- 
cluded in every garden and their uses are many—in the herbaceous 
border, in clumps along or through the shrubbery—in banked masses 
against the green of a clipped hedge or the warm grey of a stone wall 
—naturalized along the edge of a woodland or in clearings of the open 
woodland. We have even used them to festoon a difficult and unat- 
tractive slope and the grace of the stems as they bend down to greet 
the passerby is more than charming. See the pen sketch on page 34, 
and plates of L. candidum, L. giganteum, L. Green Mt. hybrids, and L. 
sulphureum. 
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