fully mulched with loose straw when ground freezes 
over to prevent freezing and drawing out of ground. 
Red Raspberry varieties, fall planting highly desirable. 
Black and Purple Raspberries, two year old Rents 
preferable but well matured one year tips may be set 
if not planted very deep and so set that water does not 
stand on them at any time. Be sure to mulch all small 
fruit plants set in the fall. : 
Perennials and Strawberry Plants—Early fall plant- 
ing (August and September) is best but be sure to give 
et Pepa attention to winter protection after ground is 
rozen, 
Caution—If any plants reach you in a frozen condi- 
tion do not unpack or handle in any way or plant tis- 
sues will be broken and plants will surely die. Hither 
place package in a cool room to thaw naturally or care- - 
fully open up the package and sprinkle cold water on. 
them until absolutely all frost is drawn out before 
touching the plants. Most plants handled in this way 
are not injured in the least by freezing. 
SPRAYING 
There are four distinct types of troubles to combat, 
i. e.: chewing insects, sucking insects, scale insects and 
fungous diseases. Chewing insects are controlled with 
a stomach poison, some form of arsenic (lead arsenate), 
sucking insects, (lice or aphids) by body contact pois- 

on, (nicotine) or miscible oil (kerosene emulsion), and 
fungous diseases by lime-surphur solution or Bordeaux 
mixture. Be sure you know what you are spraying for 
since arsenate of lead will not control lice or aphids, 
nor will nicotine or kerosene emulsion control apple 
worms and either of these will have any effect on apple 
scab or other furigous diseases. Lime-sulphur is used 
as a dormant spray for scale insects and also for fun- 
gous. In spraying the apple, keep in mind the two 
main apple troubles in the Central West, codling moth 
and apple scab, and in controlling these most. other 
troubles are incidentally controlled. Lead-arsenate and 
lime-sulphur or Bordeaux mixtures are the sprays to 
use. 
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