04: A Monograph of Culicidae, 
narrow-curved, flat, pale creamy scales, giving the thorax a 
frosty appearance in the middle, and a median tuft of white 
hair-like scales projecting over the top of the head ; the sides of 
the mesothorax dark ; scutellum paler brown, with narrow curved 
pale scales and dark brown border-bristles ; pleurae chestnut- 
brown, with patches of creamy scales. 
Abdomen deep brown, with dense dull golden hairs, and 
scattered small narrow-curved pale scales. 
Legs dark brown, speckled with pale creamy spots ; apices 
of the fore tibiae, metatarsi, and first two tarsi yellow, last two 
all dark brown ; in the mid legs the apical spots are scarcely 
apparent ; in the hind more distinct, but the last joint is all 
dark brown ; ungues small, equal and simple. 
Wings (figs. 54 and 55) with four large black costal spots, and 
two smaller ones near the base; the two apical costal spots are 
continuous on to the first long vein; the third, which is the 
largest, has three typical spots beneath it on the first long vein 
(fig. 54, 1); the fourth has one beneath it not quite so long ; there 
are also black spots on the veins as follows: one on the upper 
branch of the first fork-cell, just below the apical costal spot, 
another towards the base of the fork-cell, a small one near its 

Fig. 54, 
Variations in wing markings of V. Stephensi ( @ ). 
apex, and two small ones on the stem; two small spots at the 
base, and one at the apex of the third vein; two on the upper 
and one on the lower branch of the second fork-cell, and two 
long ones on its stem ; twoon the upper, one on the lower branch 
of the fifth long vein, and one at its base; three small ones 
on the sixth vein; fringe dusky, partly yellow at the apex, and 
with a yellow spot at the terminations of the veins; fork-cells 
short, base of the first sub-marginal slightly the nearer to the 
