ISOSEISMALS: DISTRIBUTION OF APPARENT INTENSITY. 303 
absolutely no monuments were affected. Near the top of the ridge many monuments 
were overturned, and nearly all of them showed twisting or shifting. The result of the 
shock upon the monuments in this cemetery may be summarily stated as follows: 
Fifteen were rotated counter-clockwise, 4 of these thru from 1° to 2°; 6 thru 5°; 1 
thru 15°; 3 thru from 5° to 8° with a lateral shift of 1 inch to the east; and 1 thru 8° 
with a lateral shift to the south. 
Six were rotated clockwise, 2 of them thru 25° to 30°; 1 thru 15°; 1 thru 10° with a 
lateral shift of 6 inches to the south; and 2 thru 2° with a shift to the south of 1 inch. 
Six fell to the east, 1 to the west, and 1 to the north. 
Three were shifted laterally from 0.5 to 1 inch to the east, one 1 inch to the south- 
west, and one 1 inch to the south. 
(B. McGregor.) —Of 12 monuments in Mountain View Cemetery that were disturbed 
by the earthquake, 10 are rectangular shafts which were simply twisted on their bases, 
4 from left to right and 6 from right to left. The other 2 are turned shafts, both of 
which slid on their bases about 2 inches south. There were a few others displaced. 
Alameda. — The destruction was confined for the most part to the throw of chimneys 
and the upper portions of brick walls. A few tanks were also overthrown, and 3 large 
stacks near Pacific Avenue and Lina Street. Messrs. Pond and McFarland counted 
619 fallen chimneys in the city; of these they report that 189 fell to the southwest, 143 
to the southeast, 93 to the northwest, 97 to the northeast, 34 to the south, 14 to the north, 
25 to the east, and 24 to the west. 
The fall of chimneys was evidently determined largely by the orientation of the houses, 
which have their walls in nearly all cases orientated at right angles to the direction given 
for the fall. The statistics are quoted not because they have any special significance, 
but because they indicate how little this class of phenomena contributes to the elucida- 
tion of the character of the earth movement, unless each particular case is studied in all 
its bearings. 
With regard to the chimneys which were dislocated and twisted, there appears to 
be more constancy of result. The same gentlemen counted 61 such chimneys and of 
these 58 were rotated counter-clockwise and 3 clockwise. 
Southeast of Oakland (G. Backus and R. P. O. Newcomb). — In the vicinity of High 
Street about half of the chimneys fell. The most general direction of the fall was to 
the north and south, altho some fell east and west when the slope of the roof was in that 
direction. Plastering in the houses was severely cracked, but no foundations nor build- 
ings were damaged to any visible extent. A large smelter chimney in the vicinity was 
not damaged by the shock. 
At Fitchburg about the same state of damage was seen. The chimneys on the old 
houses were gone. A large school-house with a brick foundation was not injured. 
At Elmhurst the windows in the hotels and stores were broken. Most of the chimneys 
had fallen, one in particular being thrown to the east against the slope of the roof. 
At San Leandro half the windows in the stores were broken, and nearly every chimney 
was down. All loose objects in the houses, such as dishes, ete., were thrown down. 
The plastering was greatly cracked. The houses were not seriously damaged, and only 
2 have been condemned. 
At Junction City the shock was about the same as at San Leandro. According to 
rumor a 3-inch fissure opened up between Junction and San Lorenzo, but this was not 
seen. 
The County Hospital, but a short distance from the Junction, was only slightly dam- 
aged. None of the chimneys were thrown over and plastering was not cracked. The 
Hospital is built on solid ground, and several quarries can be seen in the ground upon 
which the buildings are situated. 
