DIRECTIONS OF VIBRATORY MOVEMENT. 363 
Table showing directions in which liquids spilt. 






Direetioul No, of cases Per cent, by 
of spilling. directions. 
NW. ote gee Aca Obs eames NS 6 20 
SW. cee ae, hea eS Ee ee ee 6 20 } 43 
Both NW.-SW. Bee g! Be wine! 1 3 
SP eee ae feted ere Re ULL ne ee 4 14 
Bot Wieser et) Seema oy) Pt! 4 14). 
Both SW.-NE. . 5 eects 
ENE. 1 2 
a ee OS ae or ee 1 lees 
BM Ab iy HTM Wa oe ce oon es 1 >| = 
Both ESE. and WNW. il 3 
OCR ST Sata Oe em, 30 


SW. or NE., or both SW. and NE., 51 p. ct.; NW., or both NW. and SE., 34 p. ct. 
In 20 per cent of the cases the liquid spilt northwest; in 20 per cent southwest; and 
in 3 per cent in both directions, making a total in these two ways of 43 per cent. Four- 
teen per cent spilt northeast, and 31 per cent northwest-southeast and southwest- 
northeast, in combination. This makes a total of 88 per cent in which spilling took 
place along the same lines in which movement in all previous cases predominated. 'The 
rest of the cases of liquids spilling tended the same way, none having gone north or south. 
The water in a reservoir was observed by one man at the time of the shock. He said 
the water seemed to move in waves toward the northeast, and that it splasht high 
on the northeast side of the reservoir. Others declared that waters were calmed by 
the quake. Tanks of water were repeatedly either wholly or partly emptied by the 
splashing of the contents. One lady states that her goldfish were thrown out of a little 
pool with the water, toward the east-northeast and west-northwest. 
Movement of various other bodies. —This paragraph includes all important items of 
evidence that have not found a place in previous sections. It covers cases of falling, 
leaping, and sliding of towers, tanks, porches, pillars, underpinnings, gate-posts, arches, 
roofs, and the pulling apart of walls and partitions, besides the movement of many 
smaller articles. The evidence in most of these cases is especially good. For instance, 
a heavy marble slab on a counter slid lengthwise toward the northwest. A derrick 
which was leaning northeast was thrown toward the southwest. The following are the 
percentages in over 50 such cases: southwest, 35 per cent; northwest, 24 per cent ; 
southeast, 17 per cent; northeast, 11 per cent; a total of 87 per cent for these 4 direc- 
tions, while the other 4 directions, north, south, east, and west, total only 13 per cent 
of the movements. This is more evidence tending to the same conclusion as before; 
namely, that the southwest and northwest movements, and their opposite directions, 
far outnumber all others. In general, things that are thrown or that fall or slide freely 
furnish the best criteria for judgment as to the direction. The above list is largely made 
up of data of this kind. The cases of pulling apart of walls included are very few, for 
in the majority of instances in which parting of walls occurs the action is dependent 
on too many other factors. 
Predominance of northwest and southwest movements. —It has been shown that the 
movements northwest and southwest, and those opposite, greatly exceed in number 
those in all other directions; and there is no question as to the predominance of the 
first two over those opposite to them in almost every case. It is clearest in the move- 
ment on foundations and the splashing of liquids. Evidence in regard to relative amounts 
