96 CLUB TYPES OF NUCLEAR POLYNESIA. 
lug is diagonal and midway between the two critical positions. In 
two cases—the Fijian billet 3100 b and the Tongan paddle 3360—the 
lug has become merely an unperforated knob, which in the latter 
instance is vertical to the blade. One club shows a lug which has been 
so much worn in use as to exhibit no specific characters. In table 44 
the lugs vertical to the plane of the blade are recorded to the left of the 
diagonal, those in its plane to the right. In general, the two forms are 
just about numerically of the same frequency—1g vertical and 21 in 
the blade-plane. But in the examination along the line of provenience 
we find less concord. Fiji gives us but two lugs, both on billets, and 
in this club-shape there is no plane of blade to serve as a base of 
reference. In our Tongan material the lug is found only on the paddle 
clubs and on about half of the whole number of these pieces; the 
vertical setting is twice as frequent as the other. In Samoa the 
number of the lugs is almost twice that of the occurrence of this 
element in other archipelagoes of this province; they are found on 
clubs of 5 types, all of which are distinctively Samoan. ‘The talavalu 
and the carinated clubs show the same record as to the setting of the 
lug—as many in one direction as in the other; the mushroom and 
horned types very nearly cancel one another and may be left out by 
reason of this and of the small number of record. ‘This reduces the 
study to the lapalapa type as critical for this unit, just as the paddle 
proves critical for Tonga. We have recorded among the lapalapa 
4 vertical lugs to 10 plane; among the paddles, 9 vertical to 4 plane; 
of the 17 pieces of the /apalapa type, 14 have a lug of some sort; of 
the 23 paddles 13 have lugs. From this we derive the conclusion that 
the lug belongs to the Polynesian and not to the Fijian culture; that 
among the peoples of Nuclear Polynesia Samoa is the source of this 
useful ornament; that the Samoans prefer it twice as often in the plane 
of the blade, and that the Tongans reverse this choice and prefer it 
twice as often vertical to the plane of the blade. Assuming the spread 
of the device from a Samoan source and its reversal in transit, we find 
a most interesting memorandum accounting for a similar reversal in 
another culture unit. Swimming from Fiji to Samoa, with the impor- 
tant rule of tattooing, the Samoan diligently recited his errand: 
‘“‘tattoo the women but not the men, tattoo the women but not the 
men.’ He was unfortunately capsized by a mighty wave and his 
brain whirled for the moment; when he came gasping to the surface 
he resumed his mnemonics, ‘“‘tattoo the men but not the women,” and 
thus brought the rule ashore, and thus the custom is reversed to the 
present day. ‘This has value in the present instance as a recognition 
by the islanders that a reversal of custom is critical of its transmission 
to another culture field. 
These lugs fall into four type-forms, and each form exhibits a variety 
as to whether it extends the full width of the head or is merely central 
