TYPES OF THE CLUBS. 63 | 
tools would be required to shape the piece from the round. It is 
known that these island carpenters had mastered the trick of the wedge 
(tina) and it was within their power, albeit slowly and laboriously, to 
rive from the trunk a more or less regular plank. From inspection of 
them at their work we may state that the clubs with which we now are 
to deal are worked from rived lumber. 
The paddle may serve in time of need for a club, and there is island 
authority for the statement that these clubs are derived from such use 
of the tool of their common navigation. But the design has under- 
gone development in the art of the club. Not one of these pieces is a 
copy of the island paddle; it could not be used successfully for the pro- 
pulsion of a canoe; it is merely a conventional design which has been 
specialized upon the paddle base. As in the lapalapa, so here is found 
the cross-rib as a convenient criterion oan the presentation of two 
species of paddle club: 
A. Cross-ribs heavily carved over shaft at blade. 
B. Yacking cross-ribs. 
TABLE 30. 
Piece Length Haft Blade-length Width ' ‘Thickness 
No. (inches). (inches). (inches). (inches). (inches). 
2257 52 4:5 15 5 0.75 
2258 48 4 14 5 1.75 
2256 53 4-5 19 4.75 125 
2260 50 4.5 18 5 1.5 
2262 ASS 4 18 5-5 TS 
2257 a 42 4.5 15.5 4.75 I 
In species A there are 6 pieces for examination, the essential dimen- 
sions being shown in table 30. 
Flanging of the shaft is found in 2257, 2258, 2257 a, and in 2260 the 
unusual form of rising by successive steps. The end of the shaft is cut 
square across. ‘The lug is lacking to 2262, triangular in 2257 and 2256, 
semicircular in 2260 and 2257 a, and in 2258 has been so shattered as to 
lack distinction. The maximum width of the blade seems roughly to 
bear some relation to shape; several pieces occur in which the maximum 
width is found on the blade at the same distance from the tip and others 
at which that width occurs about one and a half times that measure- 
ment from the tip, the latter producing in the blade a more pointed 
effect. 
Of species B there are 17 specimens, and here it is necessary to omit 
some of the blade-measurements because of the impossibility of 
establishing a demarcation between blade and shaft (table 31). 
Flanging of the haft is found in all these clubs except 3359, 31744, 
3356, 3360, and 3174, and in 2261 we find a long flange, or more prop- 
