54 CLUB TYPES OF NUCLEAR POLYNESIA. 
strongly carved teeth; in reentrant angles serrations of smaller teeth, 23, 25, 
and 23 teeth in rows. End of head cupped. 
Ornament: Plain zigzag outlined throughout shaft, but not completely 
executed; 2 units of design indicate spirals dextral and sinistral respectively; 
3 dentelles cut in edge of plate. 
Length, 25.5 inches. Circumference of haft, 4.75 inches; length of haft, 
15 inches, at which point circumference 4.5 inches. Head 10.5 inches long, 
in first inch sharply sloped from haft on a face 1.5 inches longi- 
tudinally ; circumference of head next haft, 12.5 inches; at last 3792 a. 
row of teeth, 10 inches; finished with cone 1.75 inches high, $4™0@- 
: ; : .’ Pepper-Voy. 
2.5 inches on face; 23 longitudinal rows of teeth, 19 teeth in pjate II, b. 
each row. 
Ornament: Roughly carved zigzag on most of shaft; 1 element sinistral spiral. 
Length, 14.5 inches. Circumference of haft, 4 inches, flanging to 5 inches. 
Lug flat, triangular, full width of haft, perforation broken through. Handle, 
9.25 inches long to 4 rows of conical teeth 0.12-inch high, set 
in dextral spiral; then plate 0.25-inch thick, 4.75 inches cir- 3792 b. 
cumference; 7 rows of teeth 0.5-inch high, set in sinistral See Vo 
spiral; end capped by lightly domed plate 0.12 inch thick, ieee IIl, a j 
1.5 inches diameter. 
Knife-cuts show this to be of modern manufacture, but the model is 
undoubtedly antique. 
TALAVALU TYPE. 
Plates III, d, e, f; Kramer, II, 213-78 6, 216 a. Provenience: Samoa. 
Upon Samoan authority Dr. Kramer translates the name of this club 
as from tala spike or thorn and valu eight, the eight-spiked. One has 
sedulously to set himself on guard against Samoan interpretations of 
Samoan apparently composite words. Intellectually the folk are at 
a stage when explanation has a peculiar charm for them; they are 
consistently providing explanations, all as much entitled to considera- 
tion as those of achild. There are in this collection five talavalu pieces 
and the least number of spikes is 10 (2275). ‘The derivation is un- 
doubtedly from another valu, which in its verb employment signifies 
to scrape, to rasp, to shred. 
This club series is set apart from the maces by the fact that in it the 
spikes are set on but two opposite edges of the blade and not more or 
less generally around it. In all the haft is flanged and has a lug; three 
of them have a distinct shoulder in which the shaft ends just before 
the beginning of the serration of the edges; four of them top off the 
head with a well-formed pyramidion. The exception in the matter of 
the pyramidion (2275) may not be classed as a talavalu; it lacks the 
distinctive shoulder, and instead of the characteristic finial it is topped 
off with a crutch-head. This type of finish is characteristic of the 
coconut-stalk clubs and in that association is explicable structurally; 
the objection to such ascription rests upon the absence of serrate edges 
from that type; yet it might prove possible to discover intermediates 
which would connect the sparse teeth of this piece with an overdevelop- 
