C CLUB TYPES OF NUCLEAR POLYNESIA. 
and they upon it the first of men. ‘These we style the Proto-Samoans. The 
indirect tradition of a former home told no rearward tale to them. It is only 
by inference and through digestion of many such traditions that we are able 
to read into the consistent belief in the westward home of the spirit a dim 
record of an earlier abiding place. ‘The dead go home, home to a, home that 
the living have long ceased to remember; blessed are the dead in their direc- 
tion sense. 
2. Upon this Proto-Samoan settlement came a later wave of migration of 
the same race. ‘This second migration held its footing upon Nuclear Poly- 
nesia through a period whose duration we are quite without the data to esti- 
mate. In general the later migrants behaved so harshly to the original 
inhabitants, albeit of their own race and almost word for word of the same 
speech, as to provoke reprisals. For these later migrants we have adopted 
the name by which they are known in Samoan history, the Tongafiti; it being 
understood that the present names of the archipelagoes of Tonga and Fiji 
(Viti or Fiti) did not supply the name, but are derived therefrom. From 
skirmish to pitched engagement these reprisals grew as the Proto-Samoans, 
driven from the seashore to inner recesses of their islands, recovered strength 
in resistance. At last came the critical battle of Matamatamé, somewhere 
about 1200 of our era or a little earlier. The Tongafiti were expelled from 
Samoa and began their eastward wanderings as far as Hawaii and New 
Zealand, the era of the great voyages. 
3. Nowhere in the present data are we able to pick up the track of the 
Tongafiti prior to their descent upon Nuclear Polynesia. We have made it 
clear that they did not follow the Melanesian route between Indonesia and 
Polynesia. It must remain for the students of the Tongafiti collaterals to 
discover their route; our concern in this study has been to identify the 
migration that did sweep along the Melanesian chain. 
The Pacific between the tropics lies spread out in expanses of always 
pleasant sailing and interrupted, before the monotony of voyaging has 
begun to cloy, by green and delicious islands which ever invite. If in 
such geography it be proper to use the adjective compact of that which 
is essentially sporadic we may describe Nuclear Polynesia as a compact 
geographical unit widely separated from its neighbors. It lies in the 
South Pacific quite at the back of our world; it is very nearly contained 
in the 10-degree square bounded by the tenth and the twentieth paral- 
lels of south latitude and by the one-hundred-and-seventieth meridian 
of west longitude and the antimeridian. Its principal points lie in the 
apices of a triangle—Fiji to the westward, Samoa northeast at a dis- 
tance of 10 degrees, Tongatabu southeast by 7 degrees, and between 
Samoa and Tonga a space of 9 degrees. Within the triangle thus out- 
lined lie the islands of Futuna and Uvea; east of Tongatabu we find 
Niué as an outlier; north of Fiji similarly lies Rotuma. Broad ex- 
panses of empty sea lie around this triangle in three directions, and 
the islets which are scattered over the waters north of Samoa are so 
tiny and of such little importance that we may neglect them, save for 
the note that their culture is in general Samoan in source. In the 
western quadrant the land nearest Fiji is in the New Hebrides at a 
distance of not less than 1o degrees and the largest land-mass is the 
